Effect of Different Levels of Pelleted Poultry Manure and Chemical Fertilizer on Fodder Quality and Maize (Zea mays L.) Grain Yield
Journal Title: Journal of Agroecology - Year 2024, Vol 16, Issue 1
Abstract
Introduction Maize (Zea mays L.) ranks first in terms of forage production among forage plants by producing about 490 million tons of fresh and silage forage in the world. Chemical fertilizers are used to increase crop yields and provide human food, but reduce soil organic matter content and, in the long run, pose a serious environmental risk, resulting in contamination of arable soils and surface and groundwater. Organic manures reduce the harmful effects of chemical fertilizers by producing humus and increasing the activity of the soil microbial community. Utilization of non-chemical resources such as farmyard manure in combination with chemical fertilizers can lead to soil fertility and increase yield and crop quality because combined fertilizer systems can provide most of the plant's nutritional needs by increasing the absorption efficiency of nutrients in crops. Considering the importance of organic manures and their combination with chemical fertilizers, this experiment was conducted in order to investigate the effects of different levels of poultry manure, chemical fertilizer, and their combination on yield, yield components, and maize forage quality. Materials and Methods The research was carried out in the research farm of Kurdistan University located in Dehgolan County, Kurdistan Province, Iran in the crop year 2017-2018. The experiment was performed in the form of randomized complete blocks with three replications. Experimental treatments included different levels of pelleted poultry manure in combination with chemical fertilizers: Figure 2. T1: no fertilizer (control), T2: 1250 kg of poultry manure + zero kg of recommended chemical fertilizer, T3: 1250 kg of poultry manure + 25% of the recommended chemical fertilizer, T4: 1250 kg of poultry manure + 50% recommended chemical fertilizer, T5: 2500 kg of poultry manure + zero kg of recommended chemical fertilizer, T6: 2500 kg of poultry manure + 25% of recommended chemical fertilizer, T7: 2500 kg of poultry manure + 50% Recommended chemical fertilizer, T8: 5000 kg of poultry manure + 0 kg of recommended chemical fertilizer, T9: 5000 kg of poultry manure + 25% of recommended chemical fertilizer, T10: 5000 kg of poultry manure + 50% of chemical fertilizer Recommended, T11: 100% recommended chemical fertilizer. In this experiment, traits such as plant height, 1000-seed weight, biological and grain yield, seed nitrogen, starch, oil contents and forage quality were measured. Results and Discussion The results of the analysis of variance showed that the plant height, grain yield, biological yield, grain nitrogen, starch and oil contents, and oil yield were affected by fertilizer treatments at a probability level of 1%. The index harvest of maize was significant at the level of 5% probability. The number of plants per square meter and 1000-seed weight were not affected by fertilizer treatment. The highest plant height (241.2 cm), number of ears per plant (1.2 ears), 1000-seed weight (26.99 g.m-2), seed yield (12.76 tons per hectare) and biological yield (26.42 tons per hectare) were observed in the treatment of 5000 kg of plated chicken manure + 50% of the recommended chemical fertilizer. The highest percentage of fodder silage protein (12.58%) and silage ash (10.32%) was observed in the treatment of 2500 kg of plated chicken manure + 50% of the recommended chemical fertilizer. The highest percentage of insoluble fibers in neutral detergent was observed in the T6 and T8 treatments, and the lowest percentage of insoluble fibers in neutral detergents was observed in the T10 treatment. The highest and lowest percentages of insoluble fibers in acidic detergent were in the T2, T4, and T3 treatments, respectively. According to the results of the present experiment, the combination of chemical fertilizer with different amounts of chicken manure has reduced the consumption of chemical fertilizers, and in addition to saving on the consumption of fertilizer and the resulting costs, the harmful effects on the environment have also been reduced, and the condition of the soil in terms of fertility in the long term, the percentage of soil organic matter will improve. Conclusion  The results of the experiment showed that combined fertilizer treatments were superior compared to pure chemical fertilizer and pure poultry manure treatments, improved the yield and yield components of maize and caused a reduction in chemical fertilizers consumption. Chemical fertilizer treatment provided acceptable yield only at high levels.
Authors and Affiliations
Sara Darabi,Gholamreza Heidari,Shiva Khalesro,Hossein Jahani Azizabadi,
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP738908
- DOI https://doi.org/10.22067/agry.2023.78185.1122
- Views 72
- Downloads 3
Evaluation of Competitive Indices and Grain Yield of Triticale (Ã Triticosecale Wittmack) â Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Intercropping as Affected by Bio-Organic Fertilizer and Water Stress
IntroductionTodays, efforts to increase crop yields have led to the indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers, especially nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizers. It has caused soil and groundwater pollution and the...
Evaluation of Ecological Resilience of Agricultural Ecosystems in Razavi Khorasan Province: Comparison of Integrated and Non-Integrated Ecosystems
Introduction Agriculture plays a very important role in the realization of many of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). If agriculture is to make a positive contribution to achieving these goals, en...
The effect of type and amount of natural zeolite on yield and yield components of millet (Panicum miliaceaum L.)
IntroductionIn recent years, due to the excessive consumption of agricultural inputs, especially chemical fertilizers and common methods of crop production, problems have arisen that have led to more attention to sustain...
Effect of Simultaneous Use of Different Amounts of Biochar and Soil Application of Common Sulfur and Spraying of Nanosulfur on Yield and Yield Components and Some Phytochemical Characteristics of Savory (Satureja hortensis L.)
Introduction Savory (Satureja hortensis L.) is an annual aromatic medicinal plantbelonging to the Lamiaceae family. Its essential oil is used widely in medicine, food, health industries, and therapeutic processes. Ad...
Investigation of Below-Ground Interspecific Interaction in the Intercropping Culture of Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) and Niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.)
IntroductionMost research on intercropping cultivation in the past has focused on seed yield and yield components, and less attention has been paid to below-ground interaction processes. However, the connection of plants...