EFFECT OF SMOKING ON NEUROCOGNITIVE FUNCTION
Journal Title: International Journal of Basic and Applied Physiology - Year 2016, Vol 5, Issue 1
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Decline in cognitive function is a debilitating health problem at an older age. Identification of the modifiable risk factors at an earlier age may promote good cognitive health in later age. Cigarette smoking is a modifiable risk factor whose negative impact on respiratory and cardiovascular health is well addressed. However, research on the effect of smoking on cognition had shown inconclusive results. Hence the present study aimed to study the impact of smoking on neurocognition in the individuals in the age group of 20-50 years. Methods: A total of 150 study participants in the age group of 20-50 years were recruited for the study. They were divided into smokers and nonsmokers. Cognitive function was evaluated by AddenBrooke’s Cognitive Examination – Revised (ACE-R), which included MMSE (Mini Mental State Examiation) as a part of it component. Fagerstrom Nicotine dependence scale (FNDS) was used to measure the nicotine dependence among the smokers. Data were analysed using appropriate statistical tests. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The total cognitive scores of the smokers by ACE-R and MMSE were significantly lower than the nonsmokers (p<0.001). The cognitive scores were significantly lower in moderate smokers and in smokers with significant nicotine dependence. Cognitive scores had a statistically significant negative correlation with the pack years and with the nicotine dependence. Conclusion: Cigarette smoking significantly influences cognitive function and hence cessation of smoking at an earlier age may prevent the onset of cognitive impairment at older age.
Authors and Affiliations
Soundariya K, Deepika V, Venkatesh SP
Keywords
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