EFFECT OF THE QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS, TETRAETHYLAMMONIUM HALIDE ON RUMEX ACETOSA L., CHENOPODIUM ALBUM L. AND GALINSOGA PARVIFLORA CAV.: INHIBITION OF GROWTH AND CHANGES IN ASSIMILATION PIGMENTS CONTENT IN PLANTS
Journal Title: Folia Pomeranae Universitatis Technologiae Stetinensis Agricultura Alimentaria Piscaria et Zootechnica - Year 2016, Vol 39, Issue 328
Abstract
One of the main problems observed during plants cultivation is their destruction caused by harmful factors, which include, inter alia, the weeds. The group of troublesome weeds commonly occurring across Poland and in many regions of the world include Galinsoga parviflora Cav., Chenopodium album L. and Rumex acetosa L. Due to such wide dissemination, these plants may come into contact with a number of contaminants, including various chemical compounds that can get into the natural environment. This paper presents an effect of quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) – tetraethylammonium chloride [TEA][Cl], tetraethylammonium bromide [TEA][Br] and tetraethylammonium iodide [TEA][I], introduced into the soil and applied as foliar spraying, on the growth and development of selected weed species. An application of examined compounds in the soil demonstrated that Chenopodium album L. was the plant the most sensitive to examined chemicals, and tetraethylammonium iodide was the compound with the highest phytotoxicity to the examined weeds. Phytotoxicity of the examined salts applied in the form of spraying was in turn dependent on QAS concentration and species of plants used in the experiment. This was reflected in an inhibition of the length of plants and their roots, as well as the changes in dry weight and photosynthetic pigments content.
Authors and Affiliations
Robert BICZAK, Barbara PAWŁOWSK
Keywords
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