Effect of Vitamin D supplementation in under-5 children with pneumonia: A randomized controlled trial
Journal Title: Indian Journal of Child Health - Year 2018, Vol 5, Issue 4
Abstract
Objective: The objective of the study was to study whether Vitamin D supplementation in under-5 children presenting with pneumonia and severe pneumonia reduces its duration and recurrences. Study Design: This study was designed as a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Setting: Pediatric unit of a teaching institute. Methods: A total of 80 children aged between 2 months and 5 years with the diagnosis of pneumonia and severe pneumonia (as per the WHO definition) admitted over a period of 1 year were included in the study. Children with features of rickets, severe malnutrition, asthma, any underlying medical disorders, and if received Vitamin D supplementation over the past 12 months were excluded from the study. Children were randomized into two groups. Intervention group received 300,000 IU (international units) of Vitamin D (1 ml), and the control group received 1 ml of sterile water as a placebo along with antibiotics and supportive care. Children were monitored for the resolution of symptoms. The two groups were comparable for baseline demographic, socioeconomic, clinical, and laboratory parameters. All the children were followed up for 3 months after discharge for any repeat episodes of pneumonia. Results: Time to resolution of symptoms (fever, tachypnea, and chest retractions) was not significant (3.63±1.27 days in intervention group/3.6±0.78 days in placebo group, p=0.933). On follow-up, recurrence of pneumonia was significantly high in placebo group than in intervention group (20 [40%] and 3 [7.5%], respectively, p<0.05). Risk of recurrence was 0.201 (95% confidence interval, 0.069–0.587) in intervention group. Conclusion: Supplementation with Vitamin D in under-5 children with pneumonia and severe pneumonia significantly reduces the risk of recurrence over the period of 3 months.
Authors and Affiliations
Jagadish Krishna Jingi, Shailesh Shivajirao Patil, Arunkumar Desai
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP463305
- DOI -
- Views 74
- Downloads 0
Follow-up assessment of pulmonary functions in mechanically ventilated children after discharge from pediatric intensive care unit: A developing country perspective
Background: There is a paucity of data on the pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in pediatric mechanically ventilated patients, especially in a developing country setting. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was c...
Are we still misdiagnosing clubfoot? A study of non-clubfoot cases labeled or referred as clubfoot from primary care centers in Uttarakhand
Background: Clubfoot is a congenital disorder identifiable with the clinical assessment itself, provided the knowledge of key features is sound. Several disorders affecting the foot and lower limb that present with crook...
Pattern of congenital abnormalities in a tertiary hospital and its impact on neonatal mortality
Background: Congenital abnormalities are major contributors of neonatal mortality and stillbirths. However, there is not sufficient data in our country on the prevalence of various congenital malformations and their impa...
A study of complementary feeding practices among higher educated mothers in north-western part of Rajasthan
Background: Infants and young children are at an increased risk of malnutrition from 6 months of age onward when breast milk alone is no longer sufficient to meet all their nutritional requirements and complementary feed...
Assessment of phototherapy-induced hypocalcemia and its correlation with urinary calcium excretion in term and preterm newborns with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: A cross-sectional study with controls
Introduction: Although hypocalcemia is often proposed to be associated with phototherapy in both term and preterm newborns, its exact incidence, clinical significance, and underlying mechanism still remain to be elucidat...