Effects of carboxylic acid addition on the setting time and compressive strength of glass-ionomer cements
Journal Title: Engineering of Biomaterials / Inżynieria Biomateriałów - Year 2016, Vol 19, Issue 136
Abstract
Glass-ionomer cements are created through the curing process of compositions made of two components: glass powder and a bonding liquid - an aqueous solution of polyalkenoic acids. Cement setting is based on an acid-base reaction; when ions of metal elements released from the glass surface bond with polyanions derived from the polyacid. Since the reaction is very fast, various compounds are added to the bonding liquids to extend the composition setting time. These are most often carboxylic hydroxyacids capable of complexing ions released from the glass. The work presents test results regarding the effects of the addition of selected carboxylic hydroxyacids (tartaric, citric, and malic acid) and oxalic acid on the glass-ionomer composition properties. For the purposes of the study, bonding liquids were obtained on the basis of the solution of acrylic acid-itaconic acid copolymer synthesised in the Institute of Ceramics and Building Materials (ICiMB), water and the above listed carboxylic acids. Properties of the glass-ionomer compositions obtained with the bonding liquids were determined through the setting time measurement, while the properties of the cured cements were determined on the basis of compressive strength. Test results indicate that addition of carboxylic hydroxyacids, especially malic acid, reduces the bonding liquid viscosity, extends the glass-ionomer composition setting time, and facilitates cement mixing. Unfortunately, this additive has negative influence on the strength of the cements obtained, reducing their compressive strength. The addition of oxalic acid to the bonding liquid may modify the setting process of glass-ionomer composition. Depending on the type of additives and their percentage content in the bonding liquid, the composition setting time may be reduced or extended, without changing the strength properties of the cements. Test results indicate that there may be several factors that simultaneously affect the glass-ionomer composition setting process, which may be of significance in developing materials for new applications.
Authors and Affiliations
M. Biernat, L. Ciołek, Z. Jaegermann, P. Pęczkowski
Keywords
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