Effects of Malaria in Pregnancy (MiP) on Pregnancy Development and its Outcome: a Critical Review
Journal Title: Journal of Applied Biology & Biotechnology - Year 2017, Vol 5, Issue 2
Abstract
Malaria is the most important tropical parasitic infection in humans all over the world, and very common in developing countries especially in the tropical zones. The protozoan parasites Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. malariae and P. ovaleare transmitted through the bite of sporozoite-infected female Anopheles mosquitoes to cause malaria in humans. Malaria in pregnancy (MiP) is a clinical situation in which a pregnant woman is infected with Plasmodium parasite resulting in malaria. MiP is detrimental to both the pregnant woman and her fetus, and it remains as one of the major causes of infant mortality in malaria endemic regions especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. It causes several histopathological changes within the placenta and umbilical cord which manifest in several clinical symptoms. It is one of the key contributors to preterm delivery, low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), miscarriage, intrauterine death, poor neurodevelopment and immunosuppression in infants. Most distinct systemic proinflammatory responses in pregnancy are characteristics of severe malaria, and excessive activation of the immune system is central to the pathophysiology of placental malaria. There is extensive research on VAR2CSA and its contribution to placental sequestration. Currently, VAR2CSA protein is being made into pregnancy malaria specific vaccines for non-immune mothers to reduce placental malaria infection. This review summarizes the evidences, currently known clinically significant manifestations and the ultimate effect of MiP on pregnancy development.
Authors and Affiliations
Joshua Djabanor, Elvis Quansah, Du-Bois Asante
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP178407
- DOI 10.7324/JABB.2017.50202
- Views 84
- Downloads 0
Human enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) isolated from acute flaccid paralysis patients without symptoms of hand foot and mouth disease
Background: Human enterovirus A-71 (EV-A71) is one of the causative agents for hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). It is also reported to cause acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) during HFMD outbreaks and very rare to isola...
Expression analysis of recombinant Vigna radiata plant defensin 1 protein in transgenic tobacco plants
Bruchid resistance is regulated by defensin gene. Vigna radiata plant defensin 1 (VrPDF1) inhibits alpha-amylase activities in insect gut; therefore, insect will die of undigestion starch. VrPDF1 content in mungbean seed...
Hypolipidemic effects of Lysinibacillus sphaericus fermented tomato and carrot juices in high-fat diet-fed albino Wistar rats
We have conducted the present study to evaluate the effect of probioticated tomato juice (PTJ), probioticated carrot juice (PCJ), and their mixed juices (PCT) containing Lysinibacillus sphaericus on high-fat diet (HFD)-f...
In vitro antimicrobial activity of betel, Piper betle leaf extract against Vibrio alginolyticus isolated from Asian sea bass, Lates calcarifer
Betel plant, Piper betle has excellent potential to be used as an alternative antimicrobial agent to replace the use of commercial antibiotic in aquaculture. The present study evaluates the in vitro antimicrobial activit...
Determination of phytochemical, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and protein binding qualities of hydroethanolic extract of Celastrus paniculatus
The study was performed to check the chemical, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and protein binding qualities of the hydroethanolic extract of Celastrus paniculatus (CP). Hydroethanolic extract of CP exhibited low antibacteri...