Effects of stress pretreatment on the dynamics of blood cholinesterase activity after exposure to an organophosphorus pesticide in the rat.
Journal Title: Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine - Year 2010, Vol 17, Issue 1
Abstract
A single i.p. administration of 1.0 mg/kg of chlorphenvinphos (CVP), an organophosphorus pesticide, results in an acute stress response, evidenced by a marked (6-7 fold) rise in plasma corticosterone (CORT) concentration, and a diminished behavioural sensitivity to amphetamine (AMPH) three weeks postexposure. Surprisingly, in rats subjected to a single series of inescapable electric footshocks (60 10 msec triplets of 3.0 mA, 2 msec, square pulses during 20 min - IF ) two weeks prior to the CVP exposure, these effects are not observed. It has been assumed that the reduced effectiveness of CVP might be related to some persisting alterations in the functional state of the cholinergic system. The aim of the present work was to discover whether and in what way the IF pretreatment affects i) the cholinesterase activity in blood, and ii) the dynamics of the alterations in the cholinesterase (ChE) activity following the CVP exposure. The experiments were performed on 3 mo. old, male Wistar rats. In the first experiment, the blood samples were taken from the tail vein 15, 60 and 180 min after the IF. In the second experiment, the rats were pretreated with IF and 14 days later given 1.0 mg/kg of CVP i.p. Blood samples were taken 15 min, 60 min, 180 min, 24 h, 7 days, and 14 days after the CVP exposure. In the first experiment no differences in the ChE activity in plasma (pChE) and erythrocytes (rbcChE) were found between the shocked and control rats. In the second experiment, however, in rats pretreated with IF the rbcChE activity of was reduced by CVP less and pChE activity returned to normal faster than in rats not pretreated with IF. The results confirm that exposure to IF, a nonchemical stressor, induces some long-lasting adaptive changes which render the cholinergic system less susceptible to the harmful action of ChE inhibitors. It has been hypothesized that the changes consist in an increase of the antioxidant potential in blood and possibly other tissues.
Authors and Affiliations
Slawomir Gralewicz, Radoslaw Swiercz, Piotr Lutz, Dorota Wiaderna, Wojciech Wasowicz
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP58671
- DOI -
- Views 147
- Downloads 0
Forecasting ARIMA models for atmospheric vineyard pathogens in Galicia and Northern Portugal:[i] Botrytis cinerea[/i] spores
[i]Botrytis cinerea[/i] is the cause of the most common disease in the Galician and Portuguese vineyards. Knowledge of the spore levels in the atmosphere of vineyards is a tool for forecasting models of the concentration...
Pharmacological treatment and regional anesthesia techniques for pain management after completion of both conservative and surgical treatment of endometriosis and pelvic adhesions in women with chronic pelvic pain as a mandated treatment strategy
Introduction. Chronic pelvic pain syndrome occurs in 4–14% of women. Pain pathomechanism in this syndrome is complex, as it is common to observe the features of nociceptive, inflammatory, neuropathic and psychogenic pain...
Analysis of a child infected with [i]Hymenolepis[/i] [i]diminuta[/i] in Poland
[i]Hymenolepis diminuta[/i] is a cosmopolitan parasite of rats and mice which is very rare in humans. This study presents the case of a 3-year-old boy infected with [i]Hymenolepis diminuta[/i] in Poland. The diagnosis wa...
First report of two asymptomatic cases of human infection with [i]Babesia[/i] microti (Franca, 1910) in Poland
Human infection by [i]Babesia microti[/i] has been recognized as an emerging zoonosis with important public health implications worldwide. In Europe the reported cases of human babesiosis have been attributed mostly to [...
Comparative study of airborne [i]Alternaria[/i] conidia levels in two cities in Castilla-La Mancha (central Spain), and correlations with weather-related variables
[i]Alternaria[/i] conidia are among the airborne biological particles known to trigger allergic respiratory diseases. The presented paper reports on a study of seasonal variations in airborne Alternaria conidia concentra...