Енергетична ефективність вирощування квасолі звичайної (Phaseolus vulgaris l.) при зрошенні в умовах Південного Степу України
Journal Title: Збірник наукових праць Уманського національного університету садівництва - Year 2018, Vol 1, Issue 92
Abstract
Legumes from the so-called niche cluster are especially popular now, they are chickpeas, lentils, mung beans and haricot beans, which fully satisfy human needs. Haricot beans can not only form high grain yields under conditions of both irrigated and non-irrigated agriculture, accumulate nitrogen in the soil, and also improve energy and economic balance in the farm. The research on the improvement of the elements of the cultivation technology of haricot beans in the south of Ukraine was carried out using a three-factor field experiment. The field experiments were repeated four times. The location of the variants was carried out using a split plot method with partial randomization. In the field experiments, the following factors and their variants were examined: Factor A –basic soil tillage: tillage of 20–22 cm deep; tillage of 28–30 cm deep; Factor B – nutrition background: no fertilizer; N45P45; N90P90; Factor C – the width of row spacing, cm: 15; 30; 45; 60. The research on the depth of tillage shows that there is no significant difference in the deepening. According to the calculations, the difference in the energy efficiency coefficient is only 0,01 or 0,7 %. The energy efficiency coefficient was the highest in the variants where mineral fertilizers had not been applied – 1,22–1,93. The application of mineral fertilizers with the norm N45P45 in the technological scheme of the crop cultivation resulted in an insignificant increase in the coefficient by 0,01 on average in the experiment. When N90P90 was applied, the energy efficiency coefficient decreased and was 1.40 under tillage of 20–22 cm deep, and 1.42 under tillage of 28–30 cm deep. The widening of the row from 15 to 45 cm led to an increase in the energy efficiency coefficient from 1,13 to 1,93. A further increase in the row spacing to 60 cm resulted in a 30 % decrease in the figure compared to the previous figures. According to the energy analysis of the elements of the technology of growing haricot beans under irrigation the largest increase in energy – 26,7 GJ/ha and a high energy efficiency coefficient – 1,91 were under tillage of 28–30 cm deep, the application of mineral fertilizers with the norm N90P90 and the row width of 45 cm. In addition in our opinion, the most efficient is the tillage of 20–22 cm deep, the application of mineral fertilizers with the norm N45P45 and sowing with the spacing of 45 cm under these conditions the energy increase was – 25,6 GJ/ha, and the energy efficiency coefficient was 1,88.
Authors and Affiliations
В. О. Ушкаренко
Keywords
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