ENVIRONMENT AND CONFLICTS IN NIGERIA: CAUSES AND TRENDS OF FARMERS – HERDERS CONFLICTS
Journal Title: WUKARI INTERNATIONAL STUDIES JOURNAL - Year 2023, Vol 7, Issue 5
Abstract
The nomadic pastoralists and sedentary farmers’ conflict is one of the reoccurring security challenges Nigeria. The constant insecurity and overbearing uncertainty which had come to characterise Nigeria’s existence compelled scholars to focus their attention on formulating an all- encompassing explanation of the phenomenon. This paper is a contribution in this direction. The paper appraises the roles of the environment in the frequent farmers- herders’ conflict which has led to the loss of lives and property in Nigeria. In so doing, it analyses the nature of the Nigerian environmental factors and its changing dimensions which is claimed to have induced the migration of the nomadic pastoralists in search of pasture and water – a process that has led to recurring conflict with sedentary farming communities. The paper argued that dispute over environmental resources among pastoralists and farmers is not a new phenomenon in Nigeria. The conflict has a long and complex historical background. Notwithstanding the scarcity of environmental resources as the basic reason for the conflict, the paper also demonstrated that the proliferation of light arms by non-state actors and communication devices, inefficient state policies, climate change and lack of courage to take difficult but decisive decision by government precipitated these conflicts. The inter-disciplinary method was used through archival, internet, textbooks as well as oral sources were carefully reinterpreted in the writing of the paper.
Authors and Affiliations
UMAR ZUBAIRU, TERNA PAISE AGBA AGBA
Keywords
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