ENVIRONMENTAL TAXATION – THE EFECTS ON ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTIVENESS AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY
Journal Title: International journal of ecosystems and ecology science (IJEES) - Year 2018, Vol 8, Issue 4
Abstract
Environmental taxes have many important advantages, such as environmental effectiveness, economic efficiency, the ability to raise public revenue, and transparency. Also, environmental taxes have been successfully used to address a wide range of issues including waste disposal, water pollution and air emissions. Regardless of the policy area, the design of environmental taxes and political economy considerations in their implementation are crucial determinants of their overall success. Environmental economic accounts data are important for understanding the situation of the Environment sector in Albania and its economy. These data can be used to analyse and evaluate different economic instruments related to the environment. Data provided by the Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Tourism and Environment, Ministry of Infrastructure and Energy show that the average increase of revenues from environmental taxes in the period 2008 - 2015 is 4.7 % and the average annual share of environmental tax revenues in the gross domestic product (GDP) is 2.77 %. In Albania the environmental taxes are energy taxes, transport taxes, pollution taxes and resource taxes. From the structure of 2015 for the environmental tax revenue, the greatest share of revenues came from the energy taxes by 56.64 %. In Albania, these kinds of taxes have begun to be collected since 2001, while the statistical processing of their revenues started in 2008. In total for the four types of taxes and for 8 years (2008-20015), in the state budget have come about 300 million Euros. So taxes can be extremely effective when they are properly designed, are levied as close to the environmentally damaging pollutant or activity as possible, and are set at an adequate rate. Also taxes may need to be combined with other instruments to obtain the most efficient and effective environmental policy package, but care should be taken to assess the impact of overlapping instruments.
Authors and Affiliations
Flora Merko Sukru Dursun, Florjon Merko
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP368278
- DOI 10.31407/ijees8413
- Views 75
- Downloads 0
ASSESSING OF WATER QUALITY INDEX USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM IN KONYA CITY CENTER
The objective of this study is estimating the groundwater quality for Konya city center and mapping their spatial variation in terms of suitability for drinking purposes, about 184 groundwater wells data had been taken f...
FEASIBILITY OF CLEAR-UP STRIPS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF DEMODEX AND SARCOPTES MITES
In the present study, it was aimed to compare the atraumatic Nivea nasal clear-up (NNC) band and traumatic deep skin scraping test (DSST) for the diagnosis of Demodex canis or Sarcoptes scabiei in dogs. A total of 12 spe...
PREVALANCE AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF GIARDIA DUODENALIS IN LIVESTOCK IN VAN, TURKEY
Giardia duodenalis (Giardia lambia, Giardia intestinalis), a flagellated parasite, is a gastrointestinal pathogen that affects public health worldwide. There are limited studies on the epidemiology and molecular characte...
CORRELATION OF SERIC BIOMARKERS AND CELLULAR ELEMENTS IN SPUTUM AND BLOOD, IN RELATION TO THE GRAVITY OF COPD
Research in relation to the biomarkers to define exacerbation, gravity and it’s progress in COPD has been made and continued to be made. By present literature, it result that biomarkers correlate with clinical gravity, w...
LEAD MOBILITY IN THE SOIL OF DIFFERENT AGROECOSYSTEMS
Lead (Pb) is a widespread pollutant presented in soil, by various compounds. However, only mobile forms represent a danger to living organisms. The mobile compounds are those extracted with 0.1 and 1.0 HCl. Soil indexes...