Epidemiological and diagnostic study of onychomycosis
Journal Title: IP Indian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dermatology - Year 2018, Vol 4, Issue 3
Abstract
Objective The present study aimed to identify the epidemiological factors determinants and diagnostic methods of onychomycosis which helps in preventing morbidityMaterials and Methods An epidemiological and diagnostic study of patients with clinically diagnosed onychomycosis attending the DVL was undertaken and Samples were collected from the diseased nails for microscopy culture and histopathological stainingResults The prevalence of onychomycosis was 106 of total outpatient attendance mostly in men than women with ratio 1121 with age group 5160 years Housewives and agriculturists constituted 32 and 16 respectively 48 of the patients had 1 year disease duration Moisture 42 tight footwear 6 trauma 15 excessive sweating 4 and warmth 2 predisposed to onychomycosis Concurrent superficial fungal infection of skin was noted in 17 cases in particular tinea corporis predisposing to the development of onychomycosis Out of 100 patients 10 were found to have diabetes Distal lateral subungual onychomycosis 65 was the most common pattern of onychomycosis followed by total dystrophic onychomycosis 15 Mixed onychomycosis 12 Proximal subungual onychomycosis 6 Endonyx 1 and Superficial Onychomycosis 1 Among 100 cases 86 showed positivity to any one of the three diagnostic methods KOH mount demonstrated fungal elements in 55 of patients The culture positivity rate was 41 Histopathological PAS staining showed positivity in 71 patients The sensitivity of KOH mount culture and HPPAS was 6322 4713 and 8161 respectively There was a very significant difference between culture and PAS staining p00001 Among the 41 culture positive cases 15 cases 3659 positivity with trichophyton rubrum followed by 1951 positivity with Candida albicans 1707 positivity with Trichophyton mentagrophytes 1219 positivity with Aspergillus niger 487 each positivity with Aspergillus flavus and Epidermophyton floccosum and 243 each positivity with Fusarium and Trichophyton violaceumConclusions If there is any delay in the diagnosis of onychomycosis it can lead to total nail dystrophy which may not allow the nail to regain its normal architecture in spite of adequate treatment Results indicate that the combination of PAS and KOH were superior By knowing various epidemiological profiles of onychomycosis various clinical forms of onychomycosis and the role of different species to prevent morbidityKeywords Onychomycosis KOH mount PAS staining Fungal culture
Authors and Affiliations
R. Sandeep Kumar, A. Vijaya Mohan Rao
Keywords
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- EP ID EP488907
- DOI 10.18231/2581-4729.2018.0053
- Views 103
- Downloads 0
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