Epidemiological status of malaria in Iran, 2011–2014
Journal Title: Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine - Year 2016, Vol 9, Issue 11
Abstract
Objectives: To aim to determine the status and epidemiological aspects of malaria in Iran in favour of gaining a better understanding of the national control of malaria. Methods: This epidemiological study examined the status of malaria from 2011 to 2014 in Iran. Data were collected from the Ministry of Health's protocol for controlling and eliminating malaria, which is currently in use. This malaria information reporting system is automated in all Iranian provinces and cities, and all information is submitted online to the center for communicable disease control in the Ministry of Health. Information about malaria is available for researchers to evaluate. Results: The incidence rates decreased from 2011 to 2014. There were 4.76, 2.12, 1.80, and 1.59 per 100000 people, respectively from 2011 to 2014. During the four-year period (2011–2014), the highest numbers of cases occurred in those aged 16–25 years, by age, and in men, by sex. Most of the cases were workers and located in rural areas. An average 52.58% of cases were Iranian. The highest incidence rates from 2011 to 2014 were located in Sistan and Baluchestan province. There were 89.94, 43.9, 38.3, and 30.66 per 100000 people. The highest numbers of malaria cases were recorded in the cities Sarbaz, Nickshahr, and Chabahar in Sistan and Baluchestan province and Bandar Abbas, Bandar Jask, and Bandar Lengeh in Hormozgan province. During the four-year period, 57.05% of cases were caused by imported factors. The majority of cases were related to the trophozoite lifecycle of parasites. Regarding surveillance, there was inactive care in the majority of cases. Vivax malaria was the most prevalent. Conclusions: Despite the recently declining trend in reported cases, the expansion of local transmission, especially in areas with cross-border travel, is very worrying. Improved malaria control interventions can be effective for elimination of malaria in Iran; these can include programs to control border travel and focused interventions for high incidence areas and high-risk groups such as rural residents, men, workers, and people <35 years old.
Authors and Affiliations
Faezeh Norouzinejad, Fatemeh Ghaffari
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP281729
- DOI 10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.09.007
- Views 46
- Downloads 0
Climate change and potential distribution of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Central Iran: Horizon 2030 and 2050
Objective: To investigate and predict the effects of climate change on the potential distribution of the main vector and reservoir hosts of the disease in Yazd province in the future. Methods: Distribution data for vecto...
Biological, chemical and pharmacological aspects of Madhuca longifolia
Madhuca longifolia (M. longifolia) is also known as Mahua belonging to the family sapoteace family. M. longifolia is used in traditional and folklore system of medicine widely across India, Nepal, and Sri Lanka for its v...
Food intake regulation by leptin: Mechanisms mediating gluconeogenesis and energy expenditure
Regulation of blood glucose levels and body fat is critical for survival. Leptin circulates freely in blood and controls body weight and food intake mainly through hypothalamic receptors and regulates glucose metabolism...
Xanthine oxidase inhibitors from Archidendron clypearia (Jack.) I.C. Nielsen: Results from systematic screening of Vietnamese medicinal plants
Objective: To screen Vietnamese medicinal plants for xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity and to isolate XO inhibitor(s) from the most active plant. Methods: The plants materials were extracted by methanol. The acti...
Anti-tubercular peptides: A quest of future therapeutic weapon to combat tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) is a symbolic menace to mankind, infecting almost one third of the world's populace and causing over a million mortalities annually. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the key pathogen of TB that invad...