EPILEPSY AND ORAL HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION-INDIAN PERSPECTIVE
Journal Title: International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 9, Issue 3
Abstract
There are about 50 million people with epilepsy in the world and a quarter of them are in the reproductive age group. India alone contributes to 10% of this fig. Because of the advances in therapeutic drugs, the women affected with epilepsy easily enter into reproductive life. These women like others are highly fertile and frequently need to adopt effective and safe contraceptive measures to avoid unplanned pregnancy. There are several concerns regarding the efficacy and safety of natural methods or barrier methods in women who are taking antiepileptic drugs (AED), failure of which poses a great risk to the affected person because pregnancy can result in exposure of fetus to the teratogenic effect of AEDs and also the hemodynamic changes in pregnancy can lower the plasma concentrations of AED and there can be poor seizure control. Oral hormonal pills are prescribed to epileptic women, not only for birth control but also in certain situations such as polycystic ovaries, irregular menstruation, acne and dysfunctional uterine bleeding. There are major bidirectional interactions between reproductive hormones and antiepileptic drugs which the physician should be aware of while dealing with these women. There are now enough evidence that oral contraceptive pills can reduce the efficacy of AEDs by affecting their metabolism and also AEDs by themselves may affect the contraceptive efficacy of oral pills by different pathways. Though estrogen free hormonal contraception is least likely to be effected by this nature of drug interaction, but still caution should be exercised in drug prescription as progesterone by itself has a lesser contraceptive effect and hence even slighted drug interaction too can lead to contraceptive failure. This extensive review focusses upon potential drug interactions between constituents of various oral pills and anti-epileptic drugs, the formulations available in India with different dosages for oestrogen and newer progestogens with their advantages with a special note on ormeloxifene which is exclusively marketed for birth control in Rural India. Special conditions such as contraception during lactation and emergency contraception for epileptic women are also discussed
Authors and Affiliations
Shripad Hebbar
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP575712
- DOI 10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i3.16540
- Views 104
- Downloads 0
PHYTOCHEMICAL EVALUATION AND IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT STUDIES OF LEAF AND STEM BARK EXTRACTS OF POLYALTHIA FRAGRANS (DALZ.) BEDD.–AN ENDEMIC SPECIES OF WESTERN GHATS
Objective: Phytochemical constituents of various solvent extracts of leaf and stem bark of Polyalthia fragrans (Dalz.) Bedd were screened. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated.Methods:...
STUDY OF ARACHIDONIC ACID RELEASING STATUS IN DIABETIC RATS TREATED WITH FLAXSEED OIL
Objective: Diabetes mellitus increased inflammation through stimulation of arachidonic acid liberation from the cell membranes which is transformed into actively cellular mediators such as thromboxanes, prostaglandins, a...
ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY, PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND TOTAL POLYPHENOLICS CONTENT OF ESSENTIAL OIL, METHANOL EXTRACT AND METHANOL FRACTIONS FROM COMMELINA NUDIFLORA
Objective: In the present study, the essential oil, methanol extract, and methanol fractions (n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol) obtained from Commelina nudiflora were investigated for the free radica...
UTILIZATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE DISTILLERAY WASTE WATER FOR PRODUCTION OF DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID
Objective: The marine thaustochytrid Schizochytrium sp known to produce docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a polyunsaturated fatty acid with food and pharmaceutical applications. In the present study, distillery waste was studi...
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF ANALYTICAL SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC AND RP-HPLC METHODS FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF HYDROQUINONE, HYDROCORTISONE AND TRETINOIN TERNARY MIXTURE IN TOPICAL FORMULATION
Objective: Development and validation of spectrophotometric and RP-HPLC methods for the simultaneous determination of Hydroquinone (HQ), Hydrocortisone (HC) and Tretinoin (TRT) ternary combination in pharmaceutical prepa...