Estimation of Concentration of Nickel and Chromium in the GCF of patients with Fixed Orthodontics
Journal Title: Journal of Advanced Medical and Dental Sciences Research - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 10
Abstract
Background: Fixed orthodontic appliances usually include brackets, bands, arch wires, and springs. They are made of stainless steel, nickel–titanium, or nickel-cobalt alloys. The stainless steel currently used in orthodontic clinics is of type 302 or 304, both of which contain 8–10% nickel. Aim of the study: To estimate concentration of nickel and chromium in the GCF of patients with fixed orthodontics. Materials and methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of Orthodontics of the dental institute. For the study, 60 orthodontics patients were selected from hospital’s OPD clinic. Out of 60 patients, 36 were females and 24 were males. For the collection of GCF, 4 sites were randomly chosen for each patient to avoid any bias related to site of collection of GCF. The gingivae were not splashed with water or flushed to counteract evacuation of the GCF. The gingivae on all sides of teeth were lightly air dried to wipe out salivary residues. The isolation of the area was done using cellulose strips. Results: The mean age of the patients was 23.1+2.9 years, ranging from 14-30 years. We observed significant increase in the mean level of nickel from 1st visit to 3rd visit and from 2nd visit to 3rd visit. We observed that on subsequent visits, the number of patients with moderate or severe inflammation increased with simultaneous decrease in patients with normal healthy gingivae or mild inflammation. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the present study, we conclude that patients with fixed orthodontic braces has increased concentration of nickel and chromium in the GCF. The gingival health also deteriorates with subsequent visits.
Authors and Affiliations
Sakshi Raina, Adarshika Adarshika, Hitesh Dhakad, Prasad Borole, Yogesh Phalak
Keywords
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