Ethylated Urea - Ether - Modified Urea - Formaldehyde Resins, Part I: Structural and Physicochemical Properties
Journal Title: Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies - Year 2006, Vol 5, Issue 9
Abstract
First, phenol - formaldehyde (PF) and urea - formaldehyde (UFII) resins were separately conventionally prepared in our laboratory. Also, UF resin synthesized from the acid modified synthesis procedure was synthesized in a purely acid medium of pH 1.0, FU molar ratio of 1.0 and at 50oC (one-stage acid modified-synthesis procedure). Subsequently, the UF resin II was modified during synthesis by incorporating ethylated urea-ether (EUER) (i.e. UFIII) and glycerol (GLYC) (i.e. UFV) cured with and without acid curing agent. The structural and physicochemical analyses of the various resin samples were carried out. The results showed that the unmodified UF resin (UF II) synthesized in acid medium of pH 1.0, F/U molar ratio 1.0, and at 50oC, cured in absence of acid curing catalyst, showed features in their spectra which are consistent with a tri-, and/or tetra-substituted urea in the reaction to give a 3 - dimensional network cured UF resin. Modification of the UF resin(UF II) with ethylated urea-ether and glycerol to produce UF resins III and respectively V prominently increased the absorbance of methylene and ether groups in the spectra which are consistent with increased hydrophobicity and improved hydrolytic stability. For the conventional UF resin (UF I), the only clear distinction between spectra for the UF resin II and UF resins (III/V) is the presence of diminished peaks for methylene groups at 2.2 ppm. The relationship between the logarithmic viscosity of cured PF resin with time showed continuos dependence of viscosity with time during cure up to 70 minutes. Similar trends were shown by UF resins (III/V), cured in absence of acid catalyst. In contrast, the conventional UF resins I and UF IV (i.e. UF II cured with NH4CL) showed abrupt discontinuity in viscosity with time just after about 20 minutes of cure.
Authors and Affiliations
Mathew EDOGA
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP139178
- DOI -
- Views 95
- Downloads 0
Molecular Descriptors Family on Structure Activity Relationships 6. Octanol-Water Partition Coefficient of Polychlorinated Biphenyls
Octanol-water partition coefficient of two hundred and six polychlorinated biphenyls was model by the use of an original method based on complex information obtained from compounds structure. The regression analysis show...
Studies into the Factors that Affects the Service Integrity of Galvanizing Kettle
The finding of studies into the factors that affects optimal performance of galvanizing kettle is presented in this paper. The production schedule and history of a failed galvanizing kettle for 3-consecutively years in a...
Investigating the effect of antioxidant extract from orange peel on lipids oxidation
This research involved investigation of the extraction yield and antioxidant property of orange peel on lipid oxidation. Orange peel was oven dried, grinded to powder and extraction procedure carried out using methanol...
Testing and Modeling of Petroleum Based Lubricating Oils by an Improvised System
The effect of temperature, pressure and time was tested on the viscosities of ten lubricant samples using 23 factorial designs, also an analysis of variance procedure and subsequently a regression model was carried out f...
QSPR on Estimating of Polychlorinated Biphenyls Relative Response Factor using Molecular Descriptors Family
The molecular descriptors family methodology was applied on relative response factor of polychlorinated biphenyls in order to obtain quantitative structure-property relationships. The use of molecular descriptors family...