EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF CIGARETTE SMOKING IN LIPID PROFILE, BODY MASS INDEX (BMI), BLOOD PRESSURE (BP), RESTING HEART RATE AND RR INTERVAL IN HEALTHY SMOKERS AND COMPARE IT WITH NON-SMOKERS
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 90
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking is an important and independent risk factor for atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disorders, cerebrovascular diseases, cancer and for chronic obstructive airway disease (COAD). Several studies worldwide give the evidence that tobacco either chewed or inhaled alters the lipid profile in normal individuals.1,2 A recent prediction by World Health Organisation suggests that deaths in India may exceed 1.5 million annually by 2020 by tobacco consumption.3 The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of cigarette smoking in Lipid Profile, Body Mass Index (BMI), Blood Pressure (BP), Resting Heart Rate and RR interval in healthy smokers and compare it with non-smokers. MATERIALS AND METHODS 50 healthy male subjects of age 20 - 45 years and 50 age matched male smokers attending Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital who had the history of smoking one or more cigarettes per day regularly for at least past one year. After taking an informed consent from the patient, a complete General and Systemic examination will be done following which Body Mass Index (BMI), ECG and blood test for serum lipids will be done. Total cholesterol, LDL (low density lipoproteins), VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein), TG (triglycerides), HDL (high density lipoprotein), ECG (RR interval), HR (heart rate) and BP (blood pressure) were recorded. RESULTS Mean age in cases and controls is 34.42 ± 6.68. Statistically, this difference was insignificant (p > 0.05). In our study, the mean value of total cholesterol level in smokers ranges between 136 - 201 (mean 170.38 ± 15.17) and in non-smokers range between 140 - 182 (161.69 ± 11.18). Statistically, this difference is significant (p value .001). In our study, the mean value of LDL cholesterol level in smokers ranges between 76 - 188 (mean 118.44 ± 35.770) and in non-smokers range between 72 - 110 (85.18 ± 8.048). Statistically, this difference is highly significant (p value < .001). In our study, the mean value of VLDL cholesterol level in smokers ranges between 21 - 33 (mean 24 ± 2.35) and in non-smokers range between 14 - 19 (17.5.888 ± 1.03). Statistically, this difference is highly significant (p value < .001). In our study, the mean value of TG in smokers ranges between 120 - 226 (mean 149.58 ± 46.141) and in non-smokers range between 110 - 136 (125.30 ± 5.737). Statistically, this difference is highly significant (p value < .001). In our study, mean value of HDL in smokers ranges between 27 - 47 (mean 39.96 ± 4.673) and in non-smokers range between 31 - 52 (42.74 ± 4.526). Statistically, this difference is significant (p value < .05). In our study, mean value of HDL in smokers ranges between 27 - 47 (mean 39.96 ± 4.673) and in non-smokers range between 31 - 52 (42.74 ± 4.526). Statistically, this difference is significant (p value < .05). In our study, mean value of SBP in smokers ranges between 120 - 146 (mean 131.83 ± 7.16) and in non-smokers range between 119 - 144 (129.80 ± 5.4059). Statistically, this difference is non-significant (p value < .05). In our study, mean value of DBP in smokers ranges between 70 - 86 (mean 77.58 ± 4.669) and in non-smokers range between 68 - 90 (77.96 ± 5.92). Statistically, this difference is non-significant (p value > .05). In our study, mean value of HR in smokers ranges between 70 - 93 (mean 83.76 ± 5.766) and in non-smokers range between 63 – 80 (74.14 ± 4.194). Statistically, this difference is highly significant (p value < .001). In our study, mean value of RR interval in smokers ranges between 64 - 86 (mean 7322 ± .05304) and in non-smokers range between 74 - .93 (.8180 ± 04267). Statistically, this difference is highly significant (p value < .001). In our study, mean value of BMI in smokers ranges between 18.20 - 25.18 (mean 21.42 ± 1.36) and in non-smokers range between 21.10 - 28.50 (23.86 ± 1.64). Statistically, this difference is highly significant (p value < .001). CONCLUSION The data suggests that serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, TG and HR were significantly higher in smokers as compared to non-smokers; serum HDL levels and BMI was significantly lower in smokers as compared to non-smokers, but there was no significant difference between SBP and DBP of smokers and non-smokers.
Authors and Affiliations
Chandmal Agarwal, Rishabh Gupta, Puneet Rijhwani, Shekhar Capoor, Silky Singla
Keywords
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- EP ID EP278270
- DOI 10.14260/jemds/2017/1384
- Views 93
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