Evaluation of Histologically and Histochemically Proven Cases of Vitiligo and its Correlation with CD4+ and CD8+ Lymphocyte Counts using Flow Cytometry
Journal Title: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research - Year 2017, Vol 11, Issue 5
Abstract
Introduction: Vitiligo is an acquired cutaneous disorder characterized by progressive and selective destruction of melanocytes from the epidermis. Autoimmunity is strongly implicated in its pathogenesis. The destruction of melanocytes has a correlation with the peripheral blood lymphocyte imbalance mainly including Cytotoxic T cells (CD8+cells) and Helper T cells (CD4+cells). The progression of vitiligo is associated with higher CD8+ counts and lower CD4+ counts thus, altering CD4+: CD8+ ratio. Aim: To evaluate the clinically suspected cases of vitiligo histopathologically and histochemically and to establish the co-relation of autoimmunity with the flow cytometric analysis of CD8+ and CD4+ lymphocyte counts. Materials and Methods: In this study, 40 patients with proven vitiligo were taken. The destruction of melanocytes was confirmed by Haematoxylin & Eosin (H & E) and by histochemical stains using Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid (DOPA) reaction. Blood sample from these vitiligo patients and 10 control subjects was taken. Flow Cytometry was used for the determination of CD8+ and CD4+ counts in the vitiligo patients and control subjects. Then CD4+: CD8+ ratio was calculated and comparison between vitiligo patients and control subjects was done. T-test was used for the statistical analysis. Results: There was statistically significant decrease in CD4+: CD8+ ratio. CD4+: CD8+ ratio was decreased in 57.5% cases of vitiligo with increase in CD8+ counts and decreased CD4+ counts. Conclusion: It was concluded from this study that cellular immunity might have a role to play in the pathogenesis of vitiligo causing the destruction of melanocytes.
Authors and Affiliations
Moninder Kaur, Permeet Kaur Bagga, Tejinder Kaur, Amarjit Singh
Keywords
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- EP ID EP341866
- DOI 10.7860/JCDR/2017/25665.9821
- Views 103
- Downloads 0
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