Evaluation of the Ossification of the Cervical Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Utilizing X-Ray, CT and MR Imaging
Journal Title: Orthopedics Research and Traumatology – Open Journal - Year 2017, Vol 2, Issue 1
Abstract
Background: Cervical ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) is a common disease among the elderly population of East Asian countries. Cervical OPLL is often misdiagnosed in lateral radiography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The present study analyzes the diagnostic accuracy of cervical OPLL in lateral radiography and MRI compared to computed tomography (CT). Methods and Materials: A total of 60 Japanese patients who were clinically diagnosed with cervical OPLL by CT imagining were considered in this study. Firstly, a lateral radiograph was checked identifying a high-density structure along the posterior aspect of vertebral bodies as OPLL. Secondly, a T2 weighted MRI sagittal image was obtained which delineated a thick low-signal posterior longitudinal ligament as OPLL. Thirdly, a cervical CT investigated vertebral bodies in which OPLL was present. Subsequently, lateral radiographs and MRIs were compared to the CT scans. The diagnostic accuracy in lateral radiograph and MRI were evaluated and causes of misdiagnosis were postulated. Results: Diagnostic accuracy utilizing lateral radiograph and MRI were 20% (12/60) and 25% (15/60), respectively. Only 5 out of the 60 cases displayed evidence of OPLL in all three modalities. Regarding each vertebral level, accuracy using lateral radiograph and MRI of each C2-C7 was C2 (88.8% and 100%), C3 (88.8% and 100%), C4 (79.5% and 97.9%), C5 (95.5% and 110.6%), C6 (42.5% and 70.2%) and C7 (23.8% and 66.6%). Conclusions: Diagnosing cervical OPLL using lateral radiograph is prone to underestimation; whereas, diagnosis via MRI is prone to overestimation. If severe spondylosis, facet joints, and pedicle shadows occur, they can hinder the detection of OPLL in the lateral radiograph. Regarding the MRI-based diagnosis, it would be difficult to distinguish ossifications from ligament hypertrophy. However, the use of X-ray and MRI present an accurate diagnostic tool for cervical OPLL at the levels of C2, C3, C4 and C5.
Authors and Affiliations
Yuko Kobashi
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP552452
- DOI 10.17140/ORTOJ-2-109
- Views 104
- Downloads 0
Halo-Vesting in Preschool Aged Children with Synchondrosis Fracture: A Case Series which Explores the Current Techniques Associated with this Procedure
Upper cervical spine injuries are the most common form of spinal cord trauma that occur in preschool children. Among such injuries, odontoid synchondrosis fractures are the most frequently observed, though relatively few...
Complications in the Combined and Consecutive Use of External and Internal Fixation of the Femur with Reference to Use of the Extracortical Clamp Device
Aim The Extracortical Clamp Device (ECD) is a novel external fixation component which unlike conventional implants does not perforate long bone cortices. Therefore, it simplifies methods of combined and consecutive inter...
A Biomechanical Comparison of a Novel Expandable Photodynamic Intramedullary System to a Metal Plate and Screw System in Humerus and Femur Osteotomy Models
The biomechanical performance of a locking compression plate system was compared to an intramedullary photodynamic bone stabilization system in a femur and humerus osteotomy model. The photodynamic bone stabilization sys...
Treatment of Osteoporotic Spine Fractures Using Cement Augmentation: A Mini Review
Vertebral body compression fractures due to osteoporosis is the most common fracture in patients with osteoporosis.1 It affects significantly the quality of life (QoL) and is associated with pain interfering with activit...
Coaching Orthopaedic Surgeons: Can Visiting Professors be a Valuable Surgical Coach?
Much has been discussed about coaching on different fields and medical training has not been left aside. Atul Gawande’s article in The New Yorker back in 2002 was an eye opener for many regarding the fact that surgeons n...