EVOLUTION OF AUTOMATICITY OF HEART PACEMAKER STUDIED FROM A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE
Journal Title: International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences (IJMRHS) - Year 2015, Vol 4, Issue 2
Abstract
The pacemaker of the mammalian heart had developed a robust and yet a flexible system in the course of evolution whose function is based on multiple interactions at the sub-cellular, cellular and finally at the tissue level. These, in turn, should respond to extrinsic signals. Cardiac action potentials were explained for a long time based on the changes that occur at the cell surface. New hypothesis was put forward at the turn of the century that pointed to the role of intracellular calcium clock. Discovery of ryanodine receptors, fluorescence labeling techniques, confocal imaging and finally computer modeling of physiological processes had brought about a noticeable change that allowed development of a new concept of pacemaker automaticity. Reviewing all these developments we hereby put forward a few theoretical formulations that can turn out to be new instruments in advancing our knowledge of cardiac physiology. We had theorized that cardiac muscle is an emergent property of smooth muscle in the course of evolution, and that pacemaker activity of the cardiac muscle underwent a phase transition that finally led to the evolution of a structural pacemaker.
Authors and Affiliations
Vijay Kumar Konuri| Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India, Corresponding author email: vkkonuri@gmail.com, Mohammed Abdul Hannan Hazari| Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Kanchanbagh, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Ravi Kumar K| Assistant Professor of Anatomy, Govt Medical College, Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh, Chandrasekhar M| Professor and HOD, Department of Physiology, Meenakshi Medical College, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, Ambareesha K| Tutor, Department of Physiology, Meenakshi Medical College, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, Ram Reddy B| Professor & HOD, Department of Physiology, Apollo Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jubilee Hills, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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- EP ID EP11411
- DOI 10.5958/2319-5886.2015.00077.6
- Views 272
- Downloads 13
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