Evolution of Obstetric Sonography
Journal Title: Clinical Radiology & Imaging Journal - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue 1
Abstract
Today, Ultrasound has become an indispensible tool in practice of Obstetrics and Gynecology. It is presently the safest and most readily available diagnostic modality to evaluate fetal health and intrauterine environment. Almost every mother undergoes it. But, 60-years ago, when its role was first suggested for this purpose, it seemed like a ridiculus idea and was met with intense scepticism. The development of Diagnostic Ultrasound as a modality and its popularisation in the field of Medicine and Obstetrics is an incredible story that I reckon befitting for the inaugural edition of this journal. The Titanic sank in 1912. Soon after that, various underwater navigation systems started to develop using Ultrasound to measure underwater distances. The first SONAR (sound navigation and ranging) system developed in 1914 by Reginald which soon became popular and was widely deployed in First World War in surveillance of German U- boat and Submarines. Ultrasound soon found another use with the development of ultrasonic metal flaw detectors by the Soviet scientist Sokolov in 1928. The first medical application of sonography was a therapeutic one rather than diagnostic. The destructive properties of High intensity focussed ultrasound were recognised by Lange in 1920s which gradually led to its development as a neurosurgical tool used in ablation of Basal ganglia (in Parkinsonism), frontal lobe tissues (pain management in carcinomatosis) and various non neurological disorders. Dussik brothers were the first physicians to apply sonography (hyperphonography as they called) for diagnostic purpose locating brain tumors and cerebral ventricles by measuring the transmission of ultrasound beam through the skull in papers published in 1942 and 1947. What followed was a flurry of research paper exploring the diagnostic utility of sonography in the evaluation.
Authors and Affiliations
Ishan Kumar
Keywords
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