Expulsions in the Russian North: migration processes and neoliberal policy
Journal Title: Arctic and North - Year 2019, Vol 37, Issue 37
Abstract
The article summarizes the results of a long-term study of changes in living conditions of the population in the North during the formation of trade capitalism and the spread of neoliberal policy. Expulsion is considered as an institutionally organized way of exception in the form of state policy, actively supporting social polarization, contributing to consumer way of natural resource development and extensive use of before-built infrastructure, and accompanied by the isolation of the experience, disregard of the inter-ests and violation of the rights of residents. The article proves that Soviet policy, interested in attracting labor to develop the Russian North and used a distribution system of goods for these purposes, did not contribute much to the consolidation of labor migrants in the northern territories as it initiated their return to the homeland at the end of their labor biography. The position of a “temporary worker” was formed by the proposed privileges, which served a compensation for work in adverse climatic conditions but did not contribute to the prospects for the development of the northern territories. At the same time, the interests of residents, who turned out to be cut off from prestigious jobs and found themselves in worse living conditions, were regularly ignored, and their rights were unrecognized. If, through vertical mobility and integration into the Soviet distribution system, it was possible to smooth out the inequities in the distribution of benefits, it became more difficult to hide this with the country's transition to the market and the beginning of a new phase of natural resource extraction. Moreover, considering the exclusion processes have become more widespread. Now not only the indigenous peoples of the North but also the second generation of migrants are among the vulnerable groups. The focus of the conflict has shifted and expressed itself in the relations between the residents of the Center and the regions.
Authors and Affiliations
Tatyana S. LYTKINA, Andrey V. SMIRNOV
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP685006
- DOI 10.17238/issn2221-2698.2019.37.94
- Views 239
- Downloads 0
Geological and Geographical Expedition of A.A. Keyserling and P.I. Krusenstern to the European North-East of Russia
The paper provides information about the expedition to the European North of Russia in 1843. The expedition travelled about 8000 miles (about 8427 km). The main route was connected with the wa-terway along the rivers Vyc...
Arctic Agenda of the St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF-2023)
The article summarizes the general results of the 26th St. Petersburg International Economic Forum (SPIEF-2023), which took place in St. Petersburg from 14 to 17 June 2023. The author, as a participant of the forum, atte...
The Russian Arctic, Sanctions Pressure and Geopolitical Instability
The development of the Arctic region was strongly influenced by the international situation — on Febru-ary 24, the Russian Federation launched a special military operation in Ukraine. The United States, Great Britain and...
The Northern Sea Route: Problems of National Status Legitimization under International Law. Part II
The second part of the paper shows that the regime of navigation in the Arctic, particularly on the NSR, defended by Russia today, is much more liberal than that which existed in the Soviet years: up to the Gorbachev’s 1...
2022: The Russian Arctic in Times of Change
The purpose of the article is to comprehend the problems of the Russian Arctic against the background of a special military operation in Ukraine in 2022. The research methodology is based on interdisciplinarity, general...