EXTERNALIZING AND INTERNALIZING PSYCHOPATHOLOGY IN CHILDREN WITH ADHD COMBINED TYPE VERSUS ADHD INATTENTION TYPE
Journal Title: Acta Neuropsychologica - Year 2008, Vol 6, Issue 4
Abstract
[b]Background.[/b] ADHD is characterized by inattention, impulsiveness and hyperactivity, but the clinical picture of ADHD seems to be broader than these behaviors. A high rate of overlap between ADHD and psychiatric disorders, other developmental disorders (developmental dyslexia, dyscalculia, language impairments), oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder has been found in previous research. The aim of the present study was to compare the amount and intensity of symptoms of psychopathology in ADHD combined type and ADHD inattention type children.[b]Material and methods.[/b] The research involved 132 children aged 9-11, with and without ADHD. All the children in the ADHD group met the DSM-IVTR criteria for that disorder: 64 ADHD combined subtype and 21 ADHD inattentive subtype. The control group consisted of 47 children without impairments. The CBCL and TRF questionnaires were used to obtain information from relatives and teachers (TRF) regarding the children's competencies and behavioral/emotional problems.[b]Results.[/b] CBCL and TRF profiles differed only in the intensity of assessed symptoms, not in the pattern of the profile, so parents and teachers perceive the children in a similar way. Significant differences between ADHD combined type and the control group were seen on all scales except Withdrawn (CBCL) and Somatic Complaints (TRF). The ADHD combined group showed higher scores than ADHD inattention type on Anxious/Depressed, Attention Problems, Aggressive Behaviors, Externalizing Scale and Total score. Significant differences between ADHD inattention type and the control group were seen in Social Problems, Attentive Problems, Delinquent Behaviors, Aggressive Behaviors, Externalizing Scale and Total score.[b]Conclusions.[/b] ADHD was found to be more related to externalizing than internalizing psychopathology.
Authors and Affiliations
Aneta Borkowska
Keywords
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