Extraction Optimization for Phenols and Flavonoids from Cultured Mycelia of Cordyceps Ophioglossoides and Exploration of Bioactivities of its Aqueous and Ethanol Extracts
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2018, Vol 11, Issue 4
Abstract
Aqueous and ethanol extracts from the mycelia of Cordyceps Ophioglossoides have been used as a nutritional supplement, especially for women suffering from massive postpartum vaginal bleeding in Southwest China. However, there is limited information regarding its components, extraction conditions and bioactivities. The present study was undertaken to identify total phenol and flavonoid content of cultured mycelia of Cordyceps Ophioglossoides under optimized extraction condition. The anti-oxidative activities of two extracts were evaluated in three in vitro systems including 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydracyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, superoxide radical scavenging assay, and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay. The estrogenic activity of the 20% ethanol extracts (20%EE) was studied by cell proliferation assay, by luciferase reporter assay and by measuring expression of ER endogenous target genes in human breast cancer cells. These results suggest that the extracts of Cordyceps Ophioglossoides have high levels of phenols and flavonoids as well as anti-oxidative and estrogenic bioactivities.Cordyceps are commonly known in China as a medical and nutritional supplement. Cordyceps Ophioglossoides is a unique species of Cordyceps which primarily parasitizes certain types of Elaphomyces. Cordyceps Ophioglossoides has been used as fungal medication in gynecology, mostly for women with massive postpartum vaginal bleeding in ancient China [1,2]. However, the main functional components and bioactivities were largely unknown due to the rarity of wild Cordyceps Ophioglossoides. It is not only small in size but also grows extremely slowly in a particular climate and host. The low yield of natural product has made it hard for researchers to study its activity. In our previous studies, we developed a large-scale submerged culture method for Cordyceps Ophioglossoides and obtained a large number of the mycelia which made it convenient for us to analyze the composition and activity of mycelia extract [3,4]. The extract of Cordyceps has been studied for its high capacity in scavenging free radicals which are implicated in various diseases [5-7].It has been revealed that the extract is rich in phenol and flavonoid compounds and has a high antioxidant capacity, which is known to play important roles in the human metabolic system and protect against cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease [8-10]. Phenols and flavonoids are considered phytoestrogens, a class of naturally produced chemicals that act as selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). SERMs are used by women who suffer climacteric and menopausal syndrome as estrogen therapy can alleviate these symptoms. However, phytoestrogens lead to an undesirable increase in risk of cancer [11-15]. Studies on Cordyceps Ophioglossoides extract are lacking, and its activities are not clear. In this study, we optimized the extraction conditions for total phenols and flavonoids from cultured mycelia of Cordyceps Ophioglossoides. We then studied the anti-oxidative activities of the extracts by using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydracyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, superoxide radical scavenging assay and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay. Finally, the estrogen-like activity of the cultured Cordyceps Ophioglossoides extracts was determined by proliferation assay of ER +/- cells and expression of ER target genes.
Authors and Affiliations
Qinqin Xu, Zhao Zhao, Yisheng Sun, Ryan P Mackay, Yong-Quan Li
Keywords
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- EP ID EP592703
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.11.002126
- Views 167
- Downloads 0
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