Factors Leading to Acquired Bacterial Resistance Due to Antibiotics in Pakistan
Journal Title: Interventions in Pediatric Dentistry Open Access Journal - Year 2018, Vol 1, Issue 1
Abstract
Antibiotics are medicines used to prevent and treat bacterial infections. Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria change in response to the use of these medicines. Bacteria, not humans or animals, become antibiotic-resistant. Antibiotic resistance occurs when an antibiotic has lost its ability to effectively control or kill bacterial growth. Antibiotic resistance is a major concern of overuse of antibiotics. In other words bacteria are resistant and are able to multiply in the presence of therapeutic levels of an antibiotic. Antibiotic resistance has become a major issue in the 21st century and is posing as a major blip on the danger radar. Pakistan being one of only three polio-suffering countries is also suffering from bacterial resistance caused by poor use of Antibiotics. Being a third world country, Pakistan suffers from avoidable causes of antibiotic resistance but lacks the basic necessities which provides favorable environment to bacteria and produce resistance to its killer/inhibitor. Following article focuses primarily on the factors leading to acquired bacterial resistance to Antibiotics in Pakistan. This resistance is due to the change in nature of the bacteria and becomes severe due to several multiplications of bacterial generations which cause destruction in human body [1]. Another most common cause of antibiotic resistance in Pakistan is that the patients get antibiotics from medical stores without the physician’s |description [2]. Antibiotic consumption in Pakistan between 2000 and 2015 increased 65% from 800 million defined daily doses (DDD) to 1.3 billion DDD. The antibiotic consumption rate in the country witnessed a surge from 16.2 DDD to 19.6 DDD per 1,000 inhabitants per day [3]. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is increasing day by day in Pakistan [1]. A study found that Pakistan was the third highest consumer of antibiotics after India and China among the 76 low- and middle-income countries it surveyed [4] (Figure 1).
Authors and Affiliations
Ali Mustufa, Irtiqa Ahmed, Mahrukh Fareed, Tooba Anwar
Keywords
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- EP ID EP576022
- DOI 10.32474/CTBM.2018.01.000101
- Views 157
- Downloads 0
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