FARC-Hezbollah: The success of Venezuela-Iran proxy groups and their convergence in the Americas
Journal Title: Security and Defence Quarterly - Year 2020, Vol 31, Issue 4
Abstract
Persistence and adaptation are the main characteristics that have allowed FARC and Hezbollah to become perhaps the most successful proxy groups in recent years. Both Iran and Venezuela have sponsored the military, political and criminal actions of these alleged insurgent organisations. The main objective of this research was to identify and conceptualise the mitotic evolution of FARC and Hezbollah from purely armed organisms into consolidated political organisations in Colombia and Lebanon, and how this evolution has presented a criminal convergence in Venezuela based on drug trafficking and money laundering. This article is based on a comparative case-study of published research papers, documents, and official statements of FARC and Hezbollah, by applying a rational perspective that allows their performance to be deduced. The research results showed a constant mutation of these hybrid threats. Thus, not only was the political and military success of these organisations established but also the strategic support of a criminal dimension which converged in Venezuela, where the FARC drug trafficking and Hezbollah money laundering were amalgamated. Consequently, the investigation exposes the possible consequences of the FARC-Hezbollah criminal convergence in the Americas and its destabilising effects in the next decade.
Authors and Affiliations
Jeferson Guarin P.
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP705831
- DOI https://doi.org/10.35467/sdq/130934
- Views 77
- Downloads 0
Evolution of military information management: The transformation of military organisation often neglects the culture and maturity of its information management
Information and Communications Technology (ICT) has made major advances in linking physical dimension through information to cognitive dimension as described by John Perry et al. (2004) in their model for Information Sup...
Assessments and foreign policy implementation of the national security of Republic of Serbia
National security determines the degree to which endangering national interests that sublimate national values is absent. With a review of the genesis and framework of the modern interpretation of national security, the...
The development of sanitary aviation in pre-war Poland – historical aspects
This article looks at some historical aspects of sanitary aviation in Poland in the context of global aviation and its influence on the development of Polish aviation. The research was limited to the period from the rise...
Review of the book edited by Delphine Deschaux-Dutard (2021) Research Methods in Defence Studies. A Multidisciplinary Overview. New York, Oxon: Routledge, pp. 230, ISBN: 978-0-367-18785-9
This article is review of the book edited by Delphine Deschaux-Dutard (2021) Research Methods in Defence Studies. A Multidisciplinary Overview. New York, Oxon: Routledge, pp. 230, ISBN: 978-0-367-18785-9
Possible applications of GIS tools in order to prepare for drinking water distribution network emergencies
Data acquisition and computerised analysis can be used to plan for emergencies related to important pipe networks. The objective of this study is to illustrate how GIS and hydraulic calculations may be used to reduce the...