Features of Opisthorchiasis in the Natural Focus
Journal Title: Актуальна інфектологія - Year 2014, Vol 3, Issue 2
Abstract
Introduction. One of the most important epidemiological problems in Sumy region — opisthorchiasis. Social and medical significance of the invasion is great due to high incidence of the disease, the development of severe complications. Purpose. To analyze the incidence and determine the parameters of the epidemic process of opisthorchiasis in Sumy region of Ukraine, to ascertain the features of its clinical course in the natural focus. Materials and Methods. Object of research — the patients with opisthorchiasis, medical records of in-patients (from 003/y), reporting documentation of Sumy regional sanitary-epidemiological station. Methods of the study: clinical-anamnestic, laboratory with the use of clinical (Cobas Micros) and biochemical analyzers (Cobas Mira); enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect antibodies to the pathogen; coproovoscopy by formol-ether technique, study of duodenal contents; instrumental — fibrogastroduodenoscopy, ultrasound examination, fractional study of gastricjuice. Results. The authors carried out an analysis of the epidemiological situation of opisthorchiasis in Ukraine and Sumy region, on the territory of which the largest natural focus of invasion is located. Morbidity of the population is 23.0 per 100 thousand people, which exceeds the incidence in Ukraine more than 20 times. The clinical features of the disease course in endemic region were studied, there is found the prevalence of latent opisthorchiasis, which significantly affects the timely detection of invasion. Conclusions. The incidence of opisthorchiasis in Sumy region is high and significantly exceeds the average Ukrainian indices. Persistent functioning of the nidus of invasion is due to the peculiarities of the hydrological regime of the region, high prevalence of opisthorchis among cyprinids that have a significant proportion in the dietary intake of the population. Risk group consists of fishermen and their family members (72.3 %). The main factor is the transmission is salted and dried fish (58.7 %).Concerning clinical forms, chronic opisthorchiasis with latent course is mainly detected. In case of the manifest course of invasion, patients are often being diagnosed with cholecystitis (82.6 %). Decisive role in the diagnosis of opisthorchiasis belongs to coproovoscopy (100 %).
Authors and Affiliations
N. D. Chemich, N. I. Іlyina, V. V. Zakhlyebayeva, S. Ye. Sholokhova
Keywords
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