Female Indebtedness and Enslavement: A Study of Relationships and Trends in Nigeria
Journal Title: Asian Journal Social Sciences & Humanities - Year 2014, Vol 3, Issue 2
Abstract
Indebtedness is described as a situation when one is owing an individual either money or any gratitude for services or help rendered. Enslavement on the other hand, connotes an organized and systematic procedure of exploiting an individual without his/her consent, either in terms of his person, time, energy or possession. This paper takes a look at indebtedness and enslavement in relation to sex slavery in Nigeria. It specifically address indebtedness in relation to modern day enslavement, and notes that over 70% of girls tricked into sex trade are victims of “smuggle and upkeep/maintenance indebtedness” to their masters. A survey of two cosmopolitan cities of Lagos and Abuja was carried out to find out the trend of indebtedness and enslavement among Nigerian girls in the two cities. This (i) examined the elements of indebtedness and slavery, (ii) assessed the trends and patterns of indebtedness and enslavement and (iii) evaluated the relationship between types of indebtedness and enslavement. Study findings revealed that respondents were variously indebted to their “masters” or “madams”, a situation that exposed them to different categories and patterns of enslavement. The ages, levels of education, religious affiliation, ethnicity and origin of respondents were found to have profound effects on their elements of indebtedness which invariably determined the patterns of their enslavement. Paper discusses the role of law enforcement agencies and non-governmental organizations in curbing the menace of general illiteracy, domestic and international migration, human trafficking and others. Recommendations for gender mainstreaming, re-positioning for capacity building and empowerment through functional education and realistic gender polices are made.
Authors and Affiliations
Roseline Uyanga, Anthonia Dickson, Mary Mbosowo
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP100180
- DOI -
- Views 136
- Downloads 0
CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION; THREATS AND CHALLENGES TO LIVELIHOODS IN ZIMBABWE
Climate change is a topical issue and Zimbabwe in sub – Saharan Africa, has been experiencing a marked shift from its normal climate. Droughts are now more frequent and wet seasons shorter. Floods have also becom...
UNIVERSALITY AND CULTURAL VARIATION IN METAPHORS IN MAHARSHI RAMANA’S POETRY
Metaphor and its versatility as a mode of thought continue to offer areas to scholars which still remain to be explored. Universality andcultural variation are two aspects of metaphor which have been discussed by the...
A STUDY OF ERRORS IN UNDERGRADUATE ENGLISH WRITING AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS
This study was conducted to examine errors committed in writing by first year undergraduates of Chittagong University of Engi neering and Technology, Bangladesh. To achieve the objectives, sixty (male and female) undergr...
RELATIONSHIP OF SENSE OF HUMOR AND MENTAL HEALTH: A COORELATIONAL STUDY
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between sense of humor and mental health. It was assumed that (1) There would be a strong relationship between sense of humor and mental health (2) There...
BEYOND STEREOTYPES: GENDER AND POLITICS IN IRON SMELTING SOCIETY OF LEJJA, NIGERIA
There is general yet erroneous consensus that women are underrepresented in the fields of science and technology. The underrepresentation is assumed to be one of the causes of the imagined than real marginalizati...