Fluoride level in drinking water and prevalence of dental fluorosis and dental caries among the school children: A descriptive cross-sectional study
Journal Title: Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 4, Issue 4
Abstract
Background: Fluoride is very critical for the normal development and caries resistance of enamel. However, fluoride level above 1 part per million (PPM) will result in enamel hypoplasia. Aim: The study aims to estimate the fluoride level in the drinking water and the prevalence of dental fluorosis and dental caries among the schoolchildren in Al-Zulfi and Majmaah areas in Riyadh province of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: Drinking water samples were analyzed from the study area, and screening camps were conducted for schoolchildren between 7 and 15 years of age, and 157 children were included in the study using simple random sampling. Written consent from the parents was obtained. The collected data were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 21. Results: The drinking water sample showed a fluoride level between 0.56 PPM and 0.09 PPM and 39 children (24.8%) had fluorosis. 9 (23%) of them had fluorosis in primary dentition and 30 in permanent dentition (76.9%). A mean of total number of caries in permanent teeth is 1.87 and 2.35 in primary teeth. Conclusion: The drinking water in the study area had fluoride below the optimal level with an increased prevalence of dental caries. However, the presence of dental fluorosis could be attributed to other sources of dietary fluorides. This research highlights the necessity for maintaining optimum level of fluoride in drinking water and monitoring fluoride intake from other dietary sources.
Authors and Affiliations
Abdulrahman Hamoud Alanazi,
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP526185
- DOI 10.21276/apjhs.2017.4.4.35
- Views 181
- Downloads 0
Comparative Analysis of outcome in patients of Lumbar Canal Stenosis undergoing decompression with and without Instrumentation
Introduction: There is considerable debate among spine surgeons regarding whether instrumented fusion should be used to augment de-compressive surgery in patients with symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis. The aim of our s...
The study of functional outcome of distal end femur fractures operated with locking compression plate
30 patients with closed fracture lower end of femur were studied. The method used for fracture fixation was closed or open reduction and internal fixation with locking compression plate. The duration of follow up ranged...
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Presenting as Fungating Cutaneous Mass
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid malignancy making up to 70-80% of all thyroid malignancies. PTC presenting with extrathyroidal cutaneous fungating mass is unusual. We report the manag...
Echocardiographic evaluation in systemic hypertension
Echocardiography can detect cardiac morphologic and hemodynamic change caused by systemic arterial hypertension, echocardiography is a powerful tool for the evaluation of target organ damage, which is essential for the e...
Ethanol leaves extract of Mangifera indica (L.) exhibits protective, antioxidative, and antidiabetic effects in rats
Objective: Many orthodox drugs used for treatment of diabetes have shown reported deleterious side effects. This study investigates the effects of ethanol leaves extract ofMangiferaindica(L) on alloxan-induced diabetic r...