Frugal Innovation: An Opportunity for Developing Countries?
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance (IOSR-JEF) - Year 2018, Vol 9, Issue 5
Abstract
Developing countries, in terms of the knowledge and knowledge economy, they have difficulties in catching up with developed countries (Foray, 2009; El Mouhoud, 2011). The reasons which explain these difficulties are numerous (educational, institutional, structural…). One of them resides in the weakness of their National System of Innovation to absorb knowledge emanating of the developed countries, in oder way to assimilate, adapt and develop them (Cohen, Levinthal, 1990; Nurbel, Ahamada, 2008; Ben Soltane, Zoukri, 2016). The frugal and reversed innovations offer offer them an opportunity to develop new skills with many projects, ensuring of the blow the creation of jobs, the spread of entrepreneurial spirit ... what is not without incidence on the development of the social economy and which could also impact the environmental protection positively. These innovations have are emerging in southern countries (China, India, Brésil, West Africa…). They have proven themselves. They are intended for populations with low or medium incomes. They give rise to products that are reliable, functional, and inexpensive and adapted to many needs (rubber foot prostheses, wood and viscose, terracotta fridges, washing machines that wash clothes as well as fruits and vegetables ...). The frugal innovations aim at the domestic markets, whereas the reversed innovations aim at the foreign markets, including those of the developed countries. Based on a recent review of the literature (Woolridge 2010, Tiwari and Herstat 2014, Dou, Koné 2016, United Nations Economic Commission for Africa 2016, Haudeville Le Bas 2016, Laurens Le Bas, 2016), the purpose of this communication is: 1) to present these innovations which correspond to new functionalities at lower costs, 2) and their utility model (patent).
Authors and Affiliations
Saad Ghizlane, Ahnyne Redouane
Keywords
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- EP ID EP414927
- DOI 10.9790/5933-0905023743.
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