Ghrelin As An Ontogenetic Factor And A Gastrointestinal Hormone In The Prenatal And Postnatal Period In Rat
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2017, Vol 16, Issue 3
Abstract
Ghrelin is a recently discovered hormone. It was mentioned for the first time by Masayasu Kodzima and associates in 1999. Despite the numerous studies concerning ghrelin, there are still issues to consider. So far there is no definite answer to the question which type enteroendocrine cells produce this hormone. А not less debatable point is the question on the appearance of differentiated ghrelin-producing cells in the prenatal period. So far the earliest occurrence of ghrelin-producing cells in rats is registered in foetal stomach 18th gestation day. Aim: The aim of our research is to ascertain the occurrence of ghrelin-producing cells in the developing gastrointestinal tract of a rat during the embryonic, foetal and early neonatal period, to study their manifestations and relations to the differentiating elements of the gastro-intestinal wall. Material and methods: The material for study is of white Wistar rats. We studied rat embryos 8th - 11th gestation day; rat embryos 12th - 15th gestation day; rat fetuses aged 15th -20th gestation day; fragments of gastrointestinal tract of one-day- old rats. We performed an immunohistochemical study on the ABC method with primary ghrelin antibody and primary antibody of ghrelin receptor GHS. Results: We found presence of ghrelin-producing cells in the endoblastic epithelium of rat embryos 12th gestation day and fetuses 16th gestation day, as well as in the epithelial lining and glands of the stomach and small intestine of one-day-old rats. A ghrelin receptor is expressed in the same periods in endoblastic and myoblastic cells of the developing digestive tube in embryos and fetuses, as well as in the epithelial lining and glands of the stomach and small intestines of newborn rats. Conclusion: Ghrelin-producing cells in the gastro-intestinal tract are differentiated as early as the embryonic development of rats. The presence of ghrelin receptors in the endoderm and myoblast of the developing gastrointestinal tube during the embryonic and foetal periods presumes the participation of ghrelin as an inductive signal in the complex processes of cellular proliferation and differentiation. The presence of ghrelin receptors in the mucosa of the stomach and small intestine after birth reveals the ability of ghrelin to participate directly in the regulation of the local processes of the gastro-intestinal wall (secretion, motor and sensory function) without the mediation of the growth hormone.
Authors and Affiliations
Nadya Penkova, Pepa Atanassova, Elenka Georgieva, Monika Chilikova
Keywords
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- EP ID EP600284
- DOI 10.9790/0853-1603107790.
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