Гібіск сирійський в озелененні промислового міста Запоріжжя
Journal Title: Питання біоіндикації та екології - Year 2016, Vol 21, Issue 1
Abstract
For the use in landscape design the most valuable are varieties that combine high decorative quality, high resistance to diseases and pests and the stability in urban conditions together with the resistance to the geographical conditions. Great number of modern decorative plants are introduced species. Among exotic species of the beautiful flowering trees and shrubs Syrian ketmia has a special place. Syrian ketmia – Hibiscus syriacus L. (Althaea frutex Hort.) is plant from Mallow family. It belongs to the genus Hibiscus. Syrian ketmia is a deciduous shrub or a small tree up to 5–6 m tall. Leaves are ovate or rhombic-ovate with wedge-wide basis. The flowers are in the axils of leaves and isolated. The most common colors of the flowers are white, lavender, pink, purple, violet. They are simple or terry. Fruit is a egg-shaped capsule with pubescent rusty color hairs. This plant originates in Asia, India and China. All over the world it is known more than 2 thousand varieties of Syrian ketmia. This plant is cultivated in Transkarpatia, southern part of steppe region and in the Krimea. In a culture of Ukraine such forms and varieties as 'Alba', 'Totus albus', 'Rosea', 'Grandiflorus superbus', 'Ardens', 'Blue Bird', 'Red Heart', 'Hamabo', 'Coelestis', 'Woodbridge' and others are known. The objects of the study were two varieties of Syrian ketmia – 'Red Heart' and 'Hamabo', which are growing in terms of average pollution in the Zaporizhia City Children Botanical Garden and near buildings of Zaporizhzhya National University. Qualitative assessment of blooming in scores showed that both varieties have good and full flowering. They had approximately 75– 100 % of full flowers that bloom. Decorative plants of both experimental varieties have evaluated in 3 points. Plants had good look during all the vegetative period. Varieties 'Red Heart' and 'Hamabo' of Syrian ketmia are highly decorative and has high flowering intensity, with significant annual growth, contributing to the rapid regrowth of shrubs. Flowers of the variety 'Red Heart' are larger in comparison with the 'Hamabo' variety. Seeds of variety 'Red Heart' are larger than seeds of the another variety. Both varieties have a high laboratory germination and seed viability. We recommend a more widespread use Syrian ketmia in the Zaporizhzhya city in gardening, especially in places of public use (parks, boulevards). Diversification of shapes and varieties of this spiecies are strongly recommended. Дана характеристика двух сортов гибискуса сирийского – ‘Red Heart’ и ‘Hamabo’, используемых в озеленении промышленного города Запорожья. Изучены интенсивность цветения, декоративность, годичный прирост, морфометрические показатели, жизнеспособность и лабораторная всхожесть семян этих сортов. Дана оценка перспективности дальнейшей интродукции гибискуса сирийского на юго-восток Украины.
Authors and Affiliations
І. В. Приступа, В. О. Клочко I. V. Pristupa, V. A. Klochko
Keywords
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