High Risk Factors for Elevated Excretion of Albumin In Diabetic Subjects
Journal Title: National Journal of Integrated Research in Medicine - Year 2012, Vol 3, Issue 1
Abstract
Background: Microalbuminuria refers to the excretion of albumin in the urine at a rate that exceeds normal limits but is less than the detection level for traditional dipstick methods and is considered as a marker of diabetic nephropathy. Aims: To establish the prevalence of elevated urinary albumin levels (microalbuminuria) in a sequential sample of diabetic patients and to determine its relationship with known and putative risk factors, to ascertain relationship of serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity with diabetic incipient nephropathy. Study design: This cross-sectional analytical study included 100 control and 325 diabetic patients (180 type 2 and 145 type 1 diabetic patients) subjects attending outpatient department of the hospital. Patients having clinical albuminuria and with other causes of proteinuria were excluded. Result: Microalbuminuria was observed in 34.48% in patients with type 1 and 28.33% in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus respectively. Having the condition was significantly associated with advanced age, poor glycaemic control, dyslipidemia (with respect to total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL-C), smoking, body mass index and coexisting hypertension. The duration of diabetes was a significant correlate in type 1 DM subjects only. No significant association with gender, HDL-C levels, age at onset of DM, mode of treatment, socio-economic status and other lifestyle variations was found. All clinical and biochemical parameters in patient with microalbuminuria was more adversely affected than patients with normoalbuminuria. Serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) levels were significantly elevated (P<0.001) in both of the diabetic groups, moreover, its levels were higher in subjects with microalbuminuria than in those without this complication (P<0.05). Conclusions: Microalbuminuria in diabetes, which represents an earlier phase in the development of clinical nephropathy, is associated with many potentially modifiable risk factors. In estimating diabetic nephropathy risk, AER is most important and should be done frequently but there are gains to be made in predictive precision by considering family history, smoking habits, glycemia, B.P.,BMI lipid levels and ACE activity. Early screening for incipient diabetic nephropathy and aggressive management of these risk factors is important in optimising the renal outcome of patients with diabetes mellitus.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Deepak Parchwani*, Digisha Patel**, Dr. P. Narayan***
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP145540
- DOI -
- Views 119
- Downloads 0
Comparative Study of Fenugreek Seeds on Glycemic Index In High And Medium Dietary Fiber Containing Diets In NIDDM Patients.
Background: Several studies have reported the hypoglycemic property of Fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum graecum), a commonly used condiment in Indian homes, due to its high dietary fiber content. Method: A to...
Morphometric study of greater sciatic notch of dry human hip bone in Gujarat region
The distinctive morphology of human skeleton and its clear sexual dimorphism make it of interests from anatomical, forensic, obstetrical, radiological and anthropological point of view. 100 known sex normal dry human h...
Profile of Burns Cases Brought For Post- Mortem Examination At Mortuary of Sir T. Hospital, Bhavnagar.
Introduction: To provide better facilities medically as well medico-legally it is very important and urgent to know about the profile of cases of burns especially in Bhavnagar region. Material Method: The present stu...
Application Based Learning Through Hospital Projects For Teaching Microbiology To Medical Students
Microbiology in-spite of being a crucial subject for understanding the basic principles with their application in infectious disease fails to impress the undergraduate medical students probably because they are taught...