HISTOPATHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF MEDIASTINAL LESIONS- A FIVE-YEAR STUDY FROM A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN SOUTH INDIA
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 84
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mediastinum is the central limited space of the thoracic cavity, which houses a variety of neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. Accurate diagnosis is warranted owing to the variable therapeutic and prognostic implications. The aims of this study are to study the frequency and distribution of mediastinal tumours and tumour-like lesions and to study the histomorphological patterns of the various mediastinal lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective descriptive study of all mediastinal tumours/ biopsy specimens received in Department of Pathology, Govt. Medical College, Kottayam, from January 1st 2012 to December 31st 2016. The epidemiological profile, relevant clinical and laboratory details and histomorphology were studied and the tumours were classified according to the latest WHO classification. RESULTS Of the 157 cases studied, 79 were males and 78 were females; 66% (103 cases) of the lesions were found in the anterior mediastinum, 12% (33 cases) in the middle mediastinum, 8% (13 cases) in the posterior mediastinum and 5% (8 cases) in the superior mediastinum. The most common presenting symptoms were pressure symptoms like cough, dyspnoea and vague chest pain (102) followed by paraneoplastic symptoms like myasthenia gravis, red cell aplasia and hyperparathyroidism. Eight cases were detected incidentally. The thymic epithelial tumours accounted for 31% (48), germ cell tumours 9% (14), lymphomas 4% (6), soft tissue tumours 15% (23), ectopic tumours 2% (4) and metastasis 5% (8), while non-neoplastic accounted for 34% (54) of the lesions. The age group of the patients for each diagnostic category was found to be of significance. IHC was done for classification of certain thymomas and lymphomas. CONCLUSION This study reflects the incidence of different mediastinal lesions in South India and attempts to describe the histomorphological patterns and their clinical correlation.
Authors and Affiliations
Nihad Abdul Razak Amanullah, Letha Vilasiniamma, Lillykutty Pothen, Sankar S
Keywords
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- EP ID EP276828
- DOI 10.14260/jemds/2017/1274
- Views 70
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Professor and HOD, Department of General Medicine, PES Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Kuppam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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