Hormonal contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy as a possible factor of breast cancer
Journal Title: Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny - Year 2015, Vol 66, Issue 3
Abstract
Background. Breast cancer is a disease with an increasing incidence, and it originates from several factors. Risk factors of this disease represent a diverse group of parameters, which also include hormonal influences. Objective. The aim of the present study was to determine if there is a relationship between hormonal contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy in patients with diagnosed most common types of breast cancer taking into account the age at which the disease was diagnosed in selected sonographic clinic in the district of Nitra, Slovak Republic. Material and Methods. As a part of an ongoing retrospective study from 2005, a cohort of 300 randomly selected patients aged 25-87 years with diagnosed breast cancer have been monitored in 2012. The age at which breast cancer was diagnosed, and relationship to hormone therapy were analysed based on medical documentation. Results. Among 300 randomly selected patients with a confirmed diagnosis of breast cancer the group at the age of 40-59 was the most numerous (mean age was 53.06±11.25 years). The mean age of 45 patients who were given hormonal contraceptives (HC) was 46.44±7.34 years, whereas the mean age of 82 patients who were subjected to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) was 53.63±6.67 years. In women who took hormonal treatment, breast cancer was diagnosed at the mean age of 50.60±7.56 years, while women who never took HRT or HC, were diagnosed around the age of 53.92±12.35 years. The most common types of cancer were the infiltrating ductal carcinoma and lobular carcinoma. From all patients, the relapse occurred among 14 of them, about 4.86 years later. Only 2 patients had breast cancer on both diagnosed breast. After a surgery, the cancer was observed in 7 patients. The positive family history was confirmed with 34 patients. Conclusions. Nowadays, the breast cancer treatment, especially at early stages, is successful, however, the malignant breast neoplasm remains the most common oncological disease causing the death amongst women. In the assessment of the impact of HC and HRT on breast cancer, it is not possible to provide a clear conclusion, because their influence on the tumour is difficult to verify.
Authors and Affiliations
L. Predná, M. Habánová, E. Sláviková, J. Wyka
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP246847
- DOI -
- Views 57
- Downloads 0
Metabolic disorders in women at procreative age living in Warsaw
Background. Abnormal body mass and related metabolic disorders may affect female reproductive health. Objectives. To determine the prevalence of under- and overweight, and also related metabolic disorders, among women a...
Association between general self-efficacy level and use of dietary supplements in the group of American football players
Background. Increased nutritional demands of athletes should be covered with a variable well-balanced diet, supported by dietary supplements stimulating synthesis of energy, development of muscle mass and strength, and i...
Evaluation of vitamins A, C and E content in diets of adolescents living in Warsaw, Poland
Background. Antioxidant vitamins such as alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E), ascorbic acid (vitamin C), and beta-carotene (provitamin A), play a significant role in protecting the body from an excess of free radicals. The vita...
Fight against malnutrition (FAM): selected results of 2006-2012 nutrition day survey in Poland
Background. Prevalence of malnutrition among hospitalized patients is a common issue increasing the morbidity and mortality rate. In response to the aforementioned problem the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and...
Assessment of nutritional behaviours of children aged 7-12 attending to primary schools in Biala Podlaska, Poland
Background. Children and youth constitute a group that is particularly prone to the effects of improper diet. In the puberty period, numerous significant lifestyle choices are made, for instance regarding particular nutr...