Hormonal regulation of appetite
Journal Title: Medycyna Ogólna i Nauki o Zdrowiu - Year 2013, Vol 19, Issue 2
Abstract
Introduction and objective of the study: Neurohormonal regulation of appetite is crucial to maintain the energy homeostasis. The aim of this study is to present selected regulators of appetite. This group comprises leptin, resistin and visfatin that are secreted by adipose tissue and also hormones of the alimentary tract, such as appetite-stimulating ghrelin and appetite-decreasing cholecystokinin, glucagon like peptide-1, oxyntomodulin, pep tide PYY[sub]3–36[/sub]. The appetite-in creasing neuropeptides, such as orexin A and B also participate in this process. Brief description of the state of knowledge: Appetite and satiety are the two opposing sensations which are responsible for feeding behaviour. Food intake is controlled by the central nervous system (CNS), especially by the hypothalamus, in which two regions which significantly influence eating behaviour are identified. There are ‘hunger’ and ‘satiety centres’. The integration of signals, such as neural signals from the brain and humoral signals from the alimentary tract, occurs mainly in this part of the CNS. Changes in the secretion of these hormones may influence abnormal feeding behaviour and lead to disturbances in nutritional status. Summary: In this article, the current knowledge regarding the neurohormonal regulation of food intake is presented. Understanding the physiological mechanisms responsible for the control and maintaining of the organism’s energy homeostasis may be the key to understanding the pathophysiology of obesity. Practical use of the knowledge about interactions between the nervous and hormonal appetite-regulating pathways may have implications for the development of effective therapeutic strategies for human obesity.Key words: appetite regulation, energy homeostasis, adipokines, enterohormones, neuropeptides
Authors and Affiliations
Emilia Korek, Hanna Krauss, Jacek Piątek, Zuzanna Chęcińska
Keywords
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