Hydraulic Performance Evaluation of Micro Irrigation System for Aerobic Rice Cultivation

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Hydraulic Performance Evaluation of Micro Irrigation System for Aerobic Rice Cultivation

Journal Title: International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research (IJASR) - Year 2017, Vol 7, Issue 6

Abstract

The present era of agriculture has been witnessing an acute shortage of irrigation water owing to the unscrupulous pumping of aquifers coupled with over exploitation of surface water storages. For instance it is not uncommon to observe depleted aquifers with their well water levels deeper than 100 m in most parts of Tamil Nadu with particular reference to rice belts except Thanjavur deltaic area where drainage problem persists due to water table nearer to surface. This situation of water shortage has resulted in exploring the possibilities of sustaining rice production under aerobic conditions, in a technically feasible and economically viable combination of rainwater harvesting systems and micro irrigation systems, incorporating fertigation and chemigation, as the state of art technology for popularization among the farming community in order to make them realize the situation of emergency for a judicious use of available water resources. The hydraulic gradients all over the micro irrigation system along with soil moisture distribution uniformity have been developed. Contours of Soil moisture distribution were drawn by using ‘surfer’ package of Windows version for the field drip irrigation layout where the drip emitters are laid at a depth of 5-10 cm and 10-15 cm and irrigation done by using solar operated pump (S1) and open submersible pump (S2).The Moisture distribution was more in the treatment (S1) and the maximum moisture content was found to be at the location where the wetting circles overlapped by two emitters. It was because of the lateral laid at the sub surface. The maximum and minimum moisture content on % dry basis immediately after irrigation for different treatments were found T1 (27.06, 20.10), T2 (29.63, 19.62), T3 (31.52, 22.19), T4 (25, 20.75) for solar operated irrigation(S1).T1 (24.55, 18.43), T2 (24.09, 12.89), T3 (23.87, 11.62), T4(25.14, 11.70) for irrigation by open submersible pump(S2). All the three fertilizers viz., Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium were supplied through fertigation in the form of water soluble fertilizers once in a week. In case of N and K the recommended dose of fertilizers was given in four equal splits at basal, tillering, panicle initiation and first flowering stages. The treatment (T1) with 0.8 m lateral spacing and lateral depth of 5-10 cm and variety(V2) JKRH 333(Hybrid) and irrigation by solar operated pump (S1) was found to register the maximum yield at 6.17 t/ha at 5 % significance level. The water use efficiency for all the treatments were worked out, taking in to account the amount of total water applied during the crop period. Higher WUE of 15.917 kg ha-1mm-1 was recorded in drip irrigation at 0.8 lateral spacing and lateral depth of 5-10 cm (T1) with variety 2 and solar irrigation (S2), closely followed by lateral spacing of 0.8m (T1) with the same variety 2 and well Submersible pump (S2) WUE of 14.542 kg ha-1 mm-1. It was because of higher yields obtained due to optimum supply of irrigation water

Authors and Affiliations

Punitha. M, Senthil Vel. S

Keywords

Aerobic Rice Frictional Losses & Head Loss

EP ID EP251548
DOI -
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