Hydromelioration in Forestry: History of Research
Journal Title: Lesnoy Zhurnal (Russian Forestry Journal) - Year 2022, Vol 15, Issue 3
Abstract
Wetlands cover more than 220 mln ha of Russia’s forests. Swamps alone represent more than 100 mln of them. There are low-quality and low-yield stands on waterlogged areas. Much of such land is treeless. Many years of hydromelioration have shown the possibility of growing here high-quality stands of natural or artificial origin. The Lisino training and experimental forest serves as an example. Earlier in Lisino out of 28 ths ha normal stands covered 25–30% of the area; swamps – more than 30 %, a significant part of them was treeless. Currently, after hydromeliation, swamps represent slightly more than 4 % of the territory. There are significant, but largely ad hoc, studies of drainage efficiency in forestry practice. This article considers multi-year studies carried out simultaneously in stands of different composition and age, which allowed defining the features that determine the silvicultural effect of drainage. The forestry efficiency of drainage largely depends on the drainage rate – the degree of lowering of the groundwater level by drainage channels. After hydromelioration, there is always an increase in stand growth, however, the efficiency of drainage and the volume of stand growth is determined by the abundance of peat, the type of swamp, which is predictable by the ash content of peat. Multi-year studies on stationary lands have shown that it is possible to grow stands of the I quality class with a stock of up to 500–600 m3/ha on abundant eutrophic swamps. It was found that the drainage efficiency also depends on the stand initial composition. In relatively single-age stands, which are rich in composition, growth is also higher; in mixed-age stands, old trees may fall off and, therefore, growth is likely to decrease temporarily. Studies have shown that in mixed stands the efficiency of drainage is increased by regulating the stand composition by improvement thinning.
Authors and Affiliations
Boris V. Babikov, Marina B. Subota
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP704908
- DOI 10.37482/0536-1036-2022-3-103-118
- Views 117
- Downloads 0
Improving the Efficiency of Energy Use of Biofuels
The share of thermal power plants that consume renewable energy resources is growing worldwide. Wood and bio-coal pellets become more and more common as fuels. The technological cycle of pulp and paper production produce...
Substantiation of Fuel Consumption Rates of a Harvester
The research purpose was to substantiate the parameters of diesel fuel consumption during felling by the feller-delimber-slasher Silvatec 8266TH in the forest area of the Mari El Republic. The goal was achieved by conduc...
Growing Birch in Clear-cut Areas with Herbicide Application
Birch, being one of the main forest-forming tree species, has valuable and soughtafter timber. In production forest conditions, natural regeneration and crops of this species experience strong competition from both grass...
Effect of Topological Structure of Cellulose on the Processes of Acetylation and Nitration
Cellulose esters are actively used in the production of new by-products, drugs, and materials. Plant raw materials are the main source for the production of cellulose derivatives. The production of cellulose by microbial...
Optimizing the Forest Firefighting Vehicle Operation Modes
The article considers specialized forest firefighting vehicles required to extinguish forest fires. An overview of modern domestic and foreign forest firefighting equipment and techniques for fighting forest fires is pre...