HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR AND OSMOREGULATORY MOLECULES AFFECT CELL BLEBBING; IMPLICATIONS FOR SENESCENCE AND AGEING PROCESS
Journal Title: World Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research - Year 2018, Vol 4, Issue 9
Abstract
Cellular senescence, which features irreversible growth arrest in response to various stresses, is a fundamental mechanism that mediates age-related dysfunctions and chronic diseases.An important mechanism of cellular osmoregulation occurs through the cellular uptake/production of organic osmolyteslike sorbitol, betaine, and myo-inositol. Betaine and myo-inositol are transported bythe proteins BGT-1 and SMIT, respectively. Sorbitol on the other, is synthesized inside the cell by the enzyme aldose reductase. These three proteins are regulated atthe transcriptional level by the transcription factor, NFAT5/TonEBP. Other osmoregulatory molecules are the natriuretic peptides and aquaporin water channel modulators. On the other hand hypoxia inducible factor is an inducible molecular oxygen sensor during hypoxia and plays an important role in apoptosis. This review outlines the interaction between NFAT 5 and HIF in cell blebbing and eventual implication for the ageing process.
Authors and Affiliations
Manoj G. Tyagi
Keywords
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