Immunogenicity of Hydrolysate Formulas in Children (Part 1). Review of 202 Reactions
Journal Title: Journal of Vaccines and Immunology - Year 2015, Vol 1, Issue 1
Abstract
Cow's milk (CM) protein hydrolyzed formulas (HFs) appeared in the 40's with the aim of decreasing or eliminating the allergenicity of CM proteins, and in addition of reducing the risk of sensitization. In recent years the so-called “hypoallergenic” (HA) formulas have been developed. The use of such HFs is based on the premise that predigested proteins, when fed as amino acids and peptides, provide nutrients in a not antigenic form. Thus, protein HFs have been classified as HA. These formulas are processed by heat and enzymatic hydrolysis, and the conformational and sequential structures are more or less changed. The formulas contain peptides of lower molecular weight (MW) than the native protein source, which are thought to be less immunogenic. HFs appear to be nutritionally adequate and infants generally gain weight until they refuse the formula because of its bad taste. However, caution should be taken when such formulas are given for prolonged periods since no data is available on nutritional assessment of infants exclusively fed HFs for several months. In this paper we report and discuss > 202 reactions to different HFs, including cases of anaphylactic shock and of apparent life-threatening events.
Authors and Affiliations
Cantani Arnaldo
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP553523
- DOI 10.17352/jvi.000005
- Views 74
- Downloads 0
Introduction of Stereo Chemical Constraints into β -Amino Acid Residues
Over the last 20 years, a large body of work in the literature has focused on the folded structures formed by peptide sequences containing backbone homologated residues. Currently increasing interest in peptide based vac...
Travel Vaccination
With increased globalization, the international boundaries between countries are diminished. Number of worldwide activities such as tourism, expansion of industry to multinational level, migrant employment, civilized eff...
Preparation and Application of two Monoclonal Antibodies against Canine Parvovirus Vaccine and Field Strains
Background: Canine parvovirus (CPV) emerged in 1970s as a highly infectious disease. CPV modified live vaccines have been widely used to control the disease. It is urgent to develop specific monoclonal antibodies to diff...
Efficacy of a Recombinant Genotype VII Vaccine against Challenge with Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus
Background: Newcastle disease virus (NDV) genotype VII has become the dominant genotype in China. However, NDV genotype II was used to make current commercial NDV vaccines. The mismatch of genotypes between circulating a...
Liposome Adjuvants: Simultaneous Induction of Innate and Adaptive Immunity is Key to Success
The current generation vaccines are mainly composed of highly purified antigens and tend to be poorly immunogenic, requiring potent adjuvants for their success. The adjuvants currently available suffer from various drawb...