IMPACT OF ACTIVE AND PASSIVE SMOKING DURING PREGNANCY ON PLACENTAL COEFFICIENT- A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2017, Vol 6, Issue 47
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toxic effect of tobacco on developing foetus, newborn and placentae has been a subject of enormous interest for researchers in India and abroad. Smoking during pregnancy is estimated to account for 20% - 30% low birth weight. Aims and Objectives- The present study intends to depict gross changes in placentae of smokers and passive smokers along with effect of active and passive smoking on placental coefficient. Also, we have tried to analyse impact of smoking on mode of delivery and pregnancy outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS A hospital-based descriptive, comparative study was performed from 2008 to 2010 after seeking proper ethical approval from Institutional Review Board Committee. Pregnant females were divided in three Groups A, B and C of normal pregnant females, passive and active smokers according to the questionnaire respectively. Gross features of placenta and placental coefficient were calculated. ANOVA was used in SPSS software version 17 to compare the parametrical data and chi square for non-parametrical data. RESULTS In Group A, B and C foetal distress was 6.6%, 26.7% and 30% respectively. While 10%, 36.7% and 96.7% had LSCS in Group A, B and C respectively. Placental calcification was extensive in 3.3% and 6.7% of cases of Group B and C respectively. Meconium staining was observed in 3.3%, 13.3% and 20% of placentae of Group A, B and C respectively. Placental weight was 0.45 ± 0.052 gms in Group A, 0.506 ± 0.065 in B and 0.528 ± 0.063 in Group C. Birth weight was 2.8 ± 0.26 kgs in Group A, 2.18 ± 0.21 kgs in Group B and 2.1 ± 0.3 kgs in Group C. Placental coefficient was < 0.2 in Group A, while it was > 0.2 in Group B and C. CONCLUSION Smoking as well as passive smoking greatly affects placental coefficient as foetal hypoxia caused by smoke leads to compensatory hypertrophy of placenta and reduced foetal weight.
Authors and Affiliations
Aarushi Jain, Vijaylaxmi Sharma, Neelam Bapna, Ritesh Jain
Keywords
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- EP ID EP217720
- DOI 10.14260/Jemds/2017/785
- Views 58
- Downloads 0
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