Impact of winter wheat cultivation technologies on lead accumulation and translocation
Journal Title: Біоресурси і природокористування [Biological Resources and Nature Management] - Year 2019, Vol 11, Issue 1
Abstract
This paper focuses on the method of evaluation of crop production technologies by the impact on the processes of accumulation and translocation of lead for different soils of Ukraine. For evaluating the impact of technologies on the processes of lead accumulation was proposed such scale: strong impact – when lead accumulation exceeds 50% in comparison with the standard; middle impact − accumulation in comparison with the standard more than 25% but not to exceed 50%; moderate impact − accumulation in comparison with the standard more than 10%, but not to exceed 25%, no impact − accumulation in comparison with the standard does not exceed 10%. Field testing was conducted in conditions of stationary experiments located in Polissya, Forest-Steppe and Steppe regions of Ukraine. The basic technology of winter wheat cultivation as well as technologies with the application of mineral and organic fertilizers in various combinations, considering the soil-climatic conditions of the location of the experiments, was studied. The study of the processes of accumulation of potentially mobile forms of lead in the upper layers of different types of soils has allowed to establish the following particularities: the soils of the Forest-Steppe zone were characterized by the lowest content of lead where its content varied within 2.1 - 2.6 mg / kg; by the highest − the zone of Steppe where content of lead was 7.52 - 9.04 mg / kg. The increase in lead content was observed due to the impact lead mineral fertilizers, which contributed to an increase in the lead content by 7 - 24%, which may cause the leaching of lead and its further migration beyond the profile, as well as to the transition to plants. Organic fertilizers did not stimulate this process; moreover in some cases under the influence of them was evidenced reducing the content of lead by 6%. There were calculated the coefficients of lead concentration in the tilth-top soils of Ukraine; they were the highest under the mineral fertilizers application and amounted to 1.05 - 1.23, that indicates lead accumulation. The impact of technologies on the entry of lead from the soil to plants has been established. The coefficient of biological absorption was less than one, which indicates the blockage of lead input in the generative organs of wheat by its protective system.
Authors and Affiliations
V. Bondar, N. Makarenko
Keywords
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- EP ID EP661134
- DOI 10.31548/bio2019.01.005
- Views 84
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