In-vitro Susceptibility of Candida Pathogens Isolated From Clinical Specimens to Available Antifungal Agents in Nigeria
Journal Title: International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health - Year 2015, Vol 7, Issue 2
Abstract
Aim: To characterize clinical isolates of Candida species from a tertiary hospital in South West Nigeria and also to determine their susceptibility to antifungal agents in order to guide in the course of empirical treatment of patients visiting hospitals in Nigeria. Study Design: This was a cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Medical Microbiology and Parasitology Laboratory, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria. Study duration was Five (5) months. Methods: One hundred and twenty-four Candida species obtained from various body sites were identified and speciated using conventional and analytical profile index (API) for Candida and the susceptibility to 5 antifungal agents was determined using disc and macrodilution methods. Results: Highest number of Candida was obtained from urine, 44 (35.5%); followed by High Vaginal Swabs (HVS), 32 (25.8%) and blood, 20 (16.1%). Highest frequencies were obtained from C. Krusei and C. tropicalis, 32 (25.8%) each, followed by C. Albicans and C. pseudotropicalis, 24 (19.4%) each, and C. gulliermondii,12 (9.7%). Susceptibility to amphotericin B was the highest (74%), followed by itraconazole (52%) while least susceptibility was found in ketoconazole (19.0%). Strains of C. krusei and C. guilliermondii demonstrated 100% resistance to fluconazole and clotrimazole, respectively. MIC50 in most cases were greater than clinical break points and MIC90 values ranged between 16 and >64 µg/ml for all antifungal agents except amphotericin B, 0.5 to 1 μg/ml. Conclusion: Majority of Candida isolates are resistant to azole drugs. Amphotericin B is a reasonable alternative drug for empirical treatment of candidiasis since routine drug susceptibility testing Candida does not exist yet in any hospital in Nigeria.
Authors and Affiliations
D. Olusoga Ogbolu, O. A. Terry Alli, O. S. Adewumi, A. S. Oluremi
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP343323
- DOI 10.9734/IJTDH/2015/16116
- Views 62
- Downloads 0
Mapping an HIV Treatment Program to Identify Barriers to Linkage in HIV Care in Resource Limited Settings
Aims: To develop a practical method to evaluate and address failures to linkage to care for HIV treatment so as to achieve better access to antiretroviral therapy in resource limited settings. Study Design: A mixed metho...
The Predictive Diagnostic and Prognostic Cut-off Values for Interleukin 8 in Patients with Meningitis in Egypt
Objectives: This work was done to detect the best cut-off values for IL-8 to diagnose CNS infections (meningitis and meningio-encephalitis), to differentiate septic from aseptic types, and to predict mortality. Methods:...
Prevalence and Intensity of Schistosomiasis in Adjacent Human Communities along the River Kochi, West Nile Region of Uganda
Aim: To assess the prevalence of Schistosomiasis in adjacent human communities along the River Kochi, West Nile region of Uganda in relation to the presence of infected Biomphalaria snails Study Design: A combination o...
Childhood Cerebral Malaria in Nigeria: Clinical Features, Treatment and Outcome
Aims: The study aimed at reviewing the clinical features, treatment and outcome of childhood cerebral malaria in a Nigerian health facility, to improve its management and outcome. Study Design: It is a retrospective stud...
Knowledge and Practice Pattern of Malaria Prevention and Control in Pregnancy by Healthcare Providers within the Context of Focused Antenatal Care in Enugu State, Nigeria
Aim: To assess the knowledge and practice pattern of malaria prevention and control in pregnancy by healthcare providers within the context of focused antenatal care. Study Design: A prospective cross-sectional survey st...