In vivo Growth Kinetics of the Natural Course of an Undifferentiated Untreated Endometrial Cancer: An Observational Case Report
Journal Title: Journal of Andrology & Gynaecology - Year 2013, Vol 1, Issue 2
Abstract
We describe a patient with a histologically verified undifferentiated endometrial cancer who initially declined treatment, thus permitting study of the in vivo growth kinetics of the tumor. 266 days later, the patient was diagnosed with extensive symptomatic pelvic, abdominal, mediastinal, lung and supraclavicular metastases confirmed by imaging. During the untreated phase of 9.2 months, the tumor volume doubling time was estimated to be 56 + 3.5 (SD; standard deviation) days when an exponential tumor growth was assumed. This rapid growth was paralleled by immunohistochemistry showing a higher mitotic rate in the metastasis than in the primary tumor. At a late stage of the disease, laparotomy showed pelvic extension of the endometrial tumor, parenchymal liver metastasis and peritoneal carcinomatosis. The patient died 1.5 years after the initial diagnosis. To the authors´ knowledge, this is the first analysis of hypothetically generated exponential tumor kinetics of an untreated gynecological cancer in vivo. This report may serve as a reference for assessing future clinical interventions in endometrial cancer.
Authors and Affiliations
Edgar Petru
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP202360
- DOI 10.13188/2332-3442.1000006
- Views 131
- Downloads 0
Anatomical Causes of Female Obstructive Voiding: Urethral Stricture and Anti-Incontinence Procedures
Obstructive voiding affects up to 29% of the female population. The iatrogenic causes of female urinary obstruction are preventable to an extent and deserve special consideration. These include urethral stricture and obs...
Mechanical Bowel Preparation for Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery: Controversy Continues
Mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) has been used extensively over the years by both general surgeons and gynecologist alike and has remained a controversial practice. It has many purported benefits including decreasing p...
Management of Endometriosis- Associated Infertility
Endometriosis is a common, chronic disease. Patients typically present with pelvic pain, infertility, and/or an adnexal mass. Results from the limited number of studies that have been published indicate that the true pre...
Medically Assisted Insemination
Medically assisted procreation is a procedure that is carried out only when the former fertility treatment without success or hopeless, and in order to avoid transmission of serious hereditary diseases to the child with...
Can Vaginal Hysterectomy be Left for the Treatment of Advanced Stage of Pelvic Organ Prolapse?
Pelvic organ prolapse is the downward descent of female pelvic organs, including the bladder, uterus or post-hysterectomy vaginal cuff, and the small or large bowel, resulting in protrusion of the vagina, uterus, or both...