Incidence and Outcome of Severe Hyponatremia in Children and Young Adults A Single Institution Experience
Journal Title: Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal - Year 2006, Vol 6, Issue 1
Abstract
Objective: Our two main objectives are to assess the incidence and the outcome of severe hyponatremia in young hospitalized patients. Method: We retrospectively reviewed the incidence and outcome of severe hyponatremiac (Na <25 mmol/l) inpatients less than 8 years of age, admitted as consecutive admissions during one calender year. Psuedohyponatremia and artifactual hyponatremia were excluded. Patients’ demographics, clinical features, laboratory, treatment and outcomes were recorded. Results: Of 356 admissions of patients less than 8 years of age, 20 developed severe hyponatremia. Nausea, vomiting, irritability, clouded sensorium and seizures were the most common symptoms and signs. Underlying central nervous system disease, pneumonia and malignancy were major co-morbid conditions. Te initial volume status was determined as hypervolemia (n=7), hypovolemia (n=7) and euvolemia (n=6). Iatrogenic (diuretics 5 and hypotonic fluids 7) hyponatremia accounted for 60% of all cases. Mortality was 20%. Conclusion: Patients receiving intravenous hypotonic fluids should be closely monitored for the development of hyponatremia. Te common etiology of hyponatremia in our studied cohort of patients is iatrogenic.
Authors and Affiliations
Zakia Al-Lamki| Department of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, P.O.Box 35, Al-Khod, Muscat 123, Sultanate of Oman, Mahfooz A Farooqui| Department of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, P.O.Box 35, Al-Khod, Muscat 123, Sultanate of Oman, Saeed Ahmed| Department of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, P.O.Box 35, Al-Khod, Muscat 123, Sultanate of Oman
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