Incidence of Malignancy in Cases of Thyromegaly
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) - Year 2017, Vol 16, Issue 6
Abstract
Objectives: This study was done to assess the incidence of malignancy in cases of thyromegaly, the age and sex distribution among them and also the various pathological types of thyroid carcinoma. 65 cases of thyromegaly, who presented to ENT department, Government general hospital, Guntur during a period of two years from January 2015 to January 2017 were selected. All the patients were admitted, investigated thoroughly and treated by surgery. They were then evaluated by histopathological examination. Materials And Methods: This study was done on 65 patients who presented with thyroid swellings to the department of ENT during a period of two years. All of them were investigated by complete blood chemistry, urine analysis, ECG, chest x-ray, 2D echocardiogram, ultrasonography of the neck, Thyroid profile [serum T3, T4, TSH estimation] and FNAC of the thyroid swelling. All the patients were treated by surgery either hemithyroidectomy or total thyroidectomy with preservation of the Parathyroid gland wherever possible. All the excised masses were sent for histopathological examination to know their exact cytological nature so as to arrive at a final diagnosis. Thyroxin supplementation was done post operatively for patients who underwent total thyroidectomy. Results: This is a prospective study of 65 cases of thyromegaly done at GGH, Guntur during a period of two years. The age of the patients ranged from 22 years to 72 years. Of the 65 cases, 58 were females [89.23%] and 7 were males [10.76%] with a female to male ratio of 8.28:1. Of the 65 cases, 53 were non-malignant [benign] lesions [81.54%] and 12 were malignant [18.46%]. Among the malignant cases 10 were Papillary carcinoma cases [83.33%] and 2 were cases of Follicular carcinoma [16.66%]. Conclusion: Thyroid swellings are common and may range from simple goitre to benign Adenoma or Carcinoma. The incidence of malignancy in our series is 18.46%. Of the malignant lesions, differentiated tumours are more common and Papillary carcinoma is the commonest. As with all thyroid diseases, carcinoma is also more common in females and in our study the female to male ratio is 5:1. Thyroid malignancy was encountered at all ages but the percentage of incidence was more above the age of 50 years.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. M. Veera Kumar, Dr. N. Subrahmanyam, Dr K Santhaiah
Keywords
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