Incidence of multi drug resistant Acinetobacter species in intensive care units at a tertiary care hospital
Journal Title: International Journal of Medical and Health Research - Year 2017, Vol 3, Issue 6
Abstract
Acinetobacter species are nonfermenting Gram negative coccobacilli once considered to be opportunistic pathogens has recently emerged as an important nosocomial pathogens. The purpose of this study is to know the incidence of Acinetobacter species and their antibiotic resistance patterns from various clinical samples collected from patients admitted in Intensive care units at Yashodha hospitals, somajiguda. Over a period of 6 months from June 2016 to November 2016. A total number of 1036 samples were collected from various ICUs. The samples included were endotracheal secretions, blood, sputum, urine and pus. The samples were inoculated on Blood agar, Mac conkey agar and incubated at 37 oC over a period of 24 hours. Identification of Acinetobacter species were made on basis of phenotypic criteria recommended by Gerner-smidt. (Gram stain, colony morphology, oxidase, catalase and urease production, citrate utilization, gelatin hydrolysis, glucose and lactose fermentation and growth at 42 oC etc. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on Muller Hinton agar by disc diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines. A total number of 36 Acinetobacter species were isolated from endotracheal secretions 28(82.5%), followed by urine 2(5.8%), blood2 (5.8%), pus 2 (5.8%), bronchoalveolar lavage 2(5.8%). All isolates were resistant to ceftazidime. High level of resistance was also recorded for cefepime (95%), ciprofloxacin (94%), levofloxacin (94.4%). Resistance towards piperacillin tazobactam was (91%), doripenem was (91%), meropenem was (91%). Minimum resistance towards cotrimoxazole (77.7%), Cefoperazone sulbactam (83.3%), Imipenem (88%). All isolates were sensitive to colistin. Acinetobacter species are emerging as predominant healthcare associated multidrug resistant pathogen in ICUs. Good hospital infection control practices will help to reduce the spread of these organisms.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Udayasri B, Dr. Swati Prakasham
Keywords
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