INFLUENCE OF A SOIL COVER AND HYDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS ON A DYNAMICS OF AN ECOLOGICAL CONDITION OF THE SHIRVAN STEPPE
Journal Title: Вісник Одеського національного університету. Географічні та геологічні науки - Year 2018, Vol 23, Issue 1
Abstract
Problem Statement and Purpose. In the article, previously, the analysis of the modern scales of landscape and ecological changes of natural environment in the territory of Shirvan Plain which is a part of Kur-Araz lowland are analyzed. Complex assessment of the soil cover and hydrological conditions of the plain is conducted, as a sign that forms favorable environmental conditions for the life and work capacity of the population. Indicators of the ecological state of soils of adjacent territories and composition of surface waters, as well as river, marsh and ground waters and their time dynamics are analyzed. At the same time, the main goal is to divide the study area depending on the suitability of natural components, which in turn create favorable conditions in the steppe. The need to introduce strict control over the state of the soil cover and the mandatory performance of works to restore damaged territories is shown. The purpose of the article is to establish the features of the soil cover and the hydrological regime as a factor that forms favorable environmental conditions for the Shirvan steppe, which is part of the Kura-Araz lowland, the development of measures aimed at creating an opportunity to improve soil and environmental conditions, and the prospects for their use in a sustainable development environment economic system of the plain. Materials & Methods. For the study, an extensive material on the main soil types that are under the influence of various natural (weathering, accumulation, flood, etc.) and anthropogenic (physico-chemical, meliorative, chemical, biological) factors are attracted and generalized, works of such soil researchers as MP Babaev. H. Ragimov. M. Gasanov. G. Yu. Israfilov. R. Mamedov and M. R. Abduyev. Observations earned out on sections of cones of removals and in intercone depressions of rivers were analyzed. Turianchay. Geokchay. Girdimanchay. Akhsuchayde. more fertile cultured hydromorphic soils are formed. Comparative analysis of long-term observation data and laboratory data, quantitative and qualitative indices of individual landscape units for determining the amount of salts and their migration from west to east are earned out. To determine the degree of mineralization of groundwater in various parts of the territory and the possibility of their use. depending on their indicators, an analysis of the landscape and reclamation conditions of irrigated regions of the Shirvan plain is earned out. Results. As a result of the studies, the main agrolandscapes of the Shirvan plain came to the conclusion that the most favorable conditions for the formation and development of environmentally sustainable conditions are created on non-saline soils (the groundwater level is more than 1.5m) with a water-resistant macroaggregate (more than 0.25 mm) about 60-80% and microaggregates (less than 0.25 mm) about 30-40% with a moisture content from the maximum molecular to the field capacity. In order to improve the agrophysical properties of soils and improve the melioration efficiency of saline and solonetsous soils of heavy granulometric composition, it is necessary to increase the water permeability of soil soils, the ability to accumulate and retain soil moisture by processing during physical ripeness and washing of saline sites. It is also necessaiy to create systems of field shelterbelts and introduce soil protection rotations, regulate the use of mineral and organic fertilizers, widely spread anti-erosion measures and chemical land reclamation aimed at combating soil salinization processes.
Authors and Affiliations
I. R. Garayeva
Keywords
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- EP ID EP508005
- DOI 10.18524/2303-9914.2018.1(32).144568
- Views 75
- Downloads 0
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