INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SUBSTRATE ON GROWTH, YIELDS AND SYNTHESIS OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN SOLID-PHASE CULTIVATION OF PLEUROTUS OSTREATUS (JACQ.:FR.) KUMM.
Journal Title: Наукові доповіді НУБіП України - Year 2018, Vol 2, Issue 2
Abstract
Various materials containing cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, such as agricultural waste and waste from the wood processing industry, are used as substrates for the cultivation of edible mushrooms. The main substrates for cultivating mushrooms of the genus Pleurotus in Ukraine are sunflower husk, straw of cereals, sawdust, corn seed production waste. The purpose of the study was to determine the features of the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.:Fr.) Kumm. and the synthesis of volatile organic compounds in solid phase cultures on different types of substrates: sunflower husk, barley straw, waste from the processing of corn seeds and sawdust of hardwood species. The intensity of the synthesis of volatile flavor compounds was determined by spectrophotometric method. Primordia and fruit bodies are most likely formed on sunflower husk. The yield of the first flush was 2-4 times higher for all strains grown in corn waste. Hexane extracts of dried samples of P. ostreatus fruit bodies had light absorption maxima in the range of 200-210 nm and 260-300 nm, which correspond to volatile flavor compounds of mushrooms. On the sunflower husk, a more pronounced mushroom aroma forms in mushrooms, which is provided by substances with light absorption maxima in the range of 200-210 nm (1-octene-3-ol). On the corn waste and sawdust, the synthesis of saturated and unsaturated aldehydes and ketones increases (light absorption maxima 260-300 nm), which bring sweet and floral notes to the flavor of mushrooms. The study showed that it is possible to influence the synthesis of mushroom aroma compounds and to increase their characteristic taste and aroma and, accordingly, consumer attractiveness by selecting the substrate composition for solid-phase cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.:Fr.) Kumm.
Authors and Affiliations
E. N. Vlasenko
Keywords
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