Influence of wild ungulates on forest vegetation in the State Enterprise “Vovchanske Forestry”
Journal Title: Лісівництво і агролісомеліорація - Year 2014, Vol 124, Issue
Abstract
The problem of forest protection from the damage by ungulate animals has become more actual with the appearance of new hunting areas. Five users have the hunting area of the State Enterprise "Vovchanske Forestry" on lease. The peculiarities and the scale of the influence of elk (Alces alces L., deer (Cervus elaphus L. and C. Nippon hortulorum Swinh), roe (Capreolus capreolus L.) and wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) on the forest vegetation have been considered in the article. It has been found out that the optimal population of elk in the State Enterprise "Vovchanske Forestry" greatly exceeded the real population and the population of roe, deer and boar was lower than the real one. Due to the low population of elk, it does not cause any significant damage to new trees. Every year wild boars dig up from 16 to 50 % of the area of forest plantings to find tiny animals, thin roots, fruit and seeds of the trees. Burying the seeds of the trees and bushes into the soil the boars help to renew the forest but as for the species composition it does not always coincide with the plans of the forestry management. By the amount of the consumed fodder the roe (Capreolus capreolus L).is the main dendrophage in the hunting area of the State Enterprise "Vovchanske Forestry". Roes (Capreolus capreolus L.) pass to the feeding by tree and bush species when there is the persistent snow cover. The damage of the new forest trees by roe and deer is estimated in most cases as that of a medium degree. No damage of the new forest trees was revealed. in Chaikivske and Zhovtneve forestries. Nowadays the new forest plantations of Khotimlya forestry need the urgent protection from deer. In the above area the density of the population of deer is 17 heads/1000 ha the medium damaged areas were revealed on the territory of 58 ha and the greatly damaged area was 30 ha. The new forest plantings in Stara Saltivka forestry were less damaged: 50 and 10 ha, respectively. Due to the optimization of the population of ungulate animals and selection of the proper planting material it is necessary to continue the creation of the highly productive biocenosis that are suitable for co-existence of wild animals and forest trees.
Authors and Affiliations
N. Yevtushevskyy, S. Piev, Ya. Chernov
Keywords
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