Investigate the relationship between the source and sink of wheat genotypes under normal irrigation and terminal drought in Ardabil
Journal Title: International Journal of Farming and Allied Sciences - Year 2013, Vol 2, Issue 22
Abstract
In order to determine the origin of the yield limitation in different environmental conditions and the limitations of terminal drought in wheat, this study was conducted with 42 genotypes of bread wheat in two separate experiments in a randomized complete block design twice in moisture regimes in two ways: normal irrigation (favorable conditions) and terminal drought (unfavorable conditions). Flag defoliation treatment for the sink limits and spikelet treatment of one side spike for the source limitations was performed five to seven days after pollination. After harvest, the percent of source and sink limits were calculated based on the remaining seeds weight of treatments and control spikes (without removal of the flag leaves and spikelet one side of a spike) and intensification rate of source limitations. Results showed that removing the flag leaf both normal irrigation and in drought conditions, genotypes grain weight increased compared with control (without removing the leaf). There was significant difference in all genotypes between control treatments and flag leaf removing in terms grain weight. Changes in seed weight depend on the genetic diversity, the effects of defoliation treatments and also the feedback mechanism and hormonal effects. All genotypes showed different reactions in terms source limitation in normal irrigation and drought condition. In other words, temperature changes in the final stages of growth had highly significant positive effects on source limitations. Changes range of source limitation was variable between -0.41 and -58.92 (The mean -33.84) percent under normal irrigation condition. The maximum and minimum limitations respectively belonged to genotype 10 and 23. Changes range of source limits was variable between 12.50 and -52.23 (The mean -33.19) percent under drought condition. The maximum and minimum limitations respectively belonged to genotypes 30 and 10. So, there was a high genetic diversity among the genotypes. Intensification of source limitation was variable in the genotypes between 0.58 and 40.52 percent. Lack of correlation between seed weight of control with the yield implies result that the performance (seed weight) has not major role in determining final yield of the grain. And lack of performance must be searched in the number of grains per spike and number of spikes per square meter and the overall number of seeds per square meter. Lack of source limitation correlation that is calculated by grain weight with the yield is also confirmed the result.
Authors and Affiliations
Azadeh Shafighi-Anbaran, Reza Shahriari and Hossein Shahbazi
Keywords
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